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	<title>Comments on: My Most Imaginary Friend</title>
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	<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/</link>
	<description>Out of the crooked timber of humanity, no straight thing was ever made</description>
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		<title>By: Des von Bladet</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63031</link>
		<dc:creator>Des von Bladet</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63031</guid>
		<description>How do Quineians cope with phantom limbs, and, in particular, pain in them?  Pain (presumably) has measurable physiological consequences.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>How do Quineians cope with phantom limbs, and, in particular, pain in them?  Pain (presumably) has measurable physiological consequences.</p>
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		<title>By: tony</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63032</link>
		<dc:creator>tony</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63032</guid>
		<description>Yes, these types of cases are what always bothered me about Quineans. Presumably they&#039;ll want to refine the sense of &quot;exist&quot; so that they refuse to talk about imaginary friends &lt;i&gt;qua&lt;/i&gt; separate existences, but will talk about them in terms of the behavior of peope who have them?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Yes, these types of cases are what always bothered me about Quineans. Presumably they&#8217;ll want to refine the sense of &#8220;exist&#8221; so that they refuse to talk about imaginary friends <i>qua</i> separate existences, but will talk about them in terms of the behavior of peope who have them?</p>
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		<title>By: pierre</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63033</link>
		<dc:creator>pierre</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63033</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;1. The things that best scientific theory quantifies over exist&lt;/i&gt;

I hold that the things best scientific theory quantifies underexist. They are the hollow men, heads filled with straw etc. What? Oh, I&#039;m sorry, I thought you said ...

&lt;i&gt;So it would be a little troubling if best scientific theory started quantifying over imaginary friends.&lt;/i&gt;

All product branding, and the concomitant implicit agency of the brand, is imaginary. But it has quite an impact. This is an observation of no small consequence to contemporary society. The philosophical issues are analogous to the trivial example of children&#039;s fanciful playmates.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p><i>1. The things that best scientific theory quantifies over exist</i></p>

	<p>I hold that the things best scientific theory quantifies underexist. They are the hollow men, heads filled with straw etc. What? Oh, I&#8217;m sorry, I thought you said &#8230;</p>

	<p><i>So it would be a little troubling if best scientific theory started quantifying over imaginary friends.</i></p>

	<p>All product branding, and the concomitant implicit agency of the brand, is imaginary. But it has quite an impact. This is an observation of no small consequence to contemporary society. The philosophical issues are analogous to the trivial example of children&#8217;s fanciful playmates.</p>
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		<title>By: Chris</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63034</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63034</guid>
		<description>Best line in that article:

&lt;i&gt;She [the study director] conceded that imaginary friends might not be assets for a child in a confrontation with a bully.&lt;/i&gt;

&quot;Might&quot; not?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Best line in that article:</p>

	<p><i>She [the study director] conceded that imaginary friends might not be assets for a child in a confrontation with a bully.</i></p>

	<p>&#8220;Might&#8221; not?</p>
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		<title>By: Steve LaBonne</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63035</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve LaBonne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63035</guid>
		<description>_Pace_ Quine and Quineans, science != physics. The best cognitive science has long since pretty much shed any inhibitions about recognizing the reality of intentional mental states like beliefs. And that kind of eliminates the problem here, no?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p><em>Pace</em> Quine and Quineans, science != physics. The best cognitive science has long since pretty much shed any inhibitions about recognizing the reality of intentional mental states like beliefs. And that kind of eliminates the problem here, no?</p>
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		<title>By: Kip Manley</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63036</link>
		<dc:creator>Kip Manley</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63036</guid>
		<description>&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.secretfriendsociety.com/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Your topically appropriate webcomic drive-by link for the day&lt;/a&gt;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p><a href="http://www.secretfriendsociety.com/" rel="nofollow">Your topically appropriate webcomic drive-by link for the day</a>.</p>
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		<title>By: Jeremy Osner</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63037</link>
		<dc:creator>Jeremy Osner</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63037</guid>
		<description>&quot;All product branding... is imaginary&quot;

That doesn&#039;t seem quite right to me -- a product&#039;s brand is a (actual, physical) insignia on the product (or its packaging) which conveys a particular meaning, namely that the product is being sold by some particular company. This seems no more imaginary to me than language in general. Granted there is some kind of large imaginary structure built around many brands that I&#039;m not sure how to describe -- is that structure intrinsic to the branding itself? or am I missing your point?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>&#8220;All product branding&#8230; is imaginary&#8221;</p>

	<p>That doesn&#8217;t seem quite right to me&#8212;a product&#8217;s brand is a (actual, physical) insignia on the product (or its packaging) which conveys a particular meaning, namely that the product is being sold by some particular company. This seems no more imaginary to me than language in general. Granted there is some kind of large imaginary structure built around many brands that I&#8217;m not sure how to describe&#8212;is that structure intrinsic to the branding itself? or am I missing your point?</p>
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		<title>By: Philip</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63038</link>
		<dc:creator>Philip</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63038</guid>
		<description>I don&#039;t think there&#039;d be anything terribly wrong with a Quinean holding that imaginary friends exist in the same ways that beliefs exist, as states of the minds of individuals.  Quine himself seemed pretty open to all sorts of ontologies depending on what kind of compromises one wanted to make between simplicity of ontology and simplicity of explanation.

At least, that&#039;s what I got from &quot;Two Dogmas.&quot;  I&#039;m not very familiar with his philosophical development after that.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>I don&#8217;t think there&#8217;d be anything terribly wrong with a Quinean holding that imaginary friends exist in the same ways that beliefs exist, as states of the minds of individuals.  Quine himself seemed pretty open to all sorts of ontologies depending on what kind of compromises one wanted to make between simplicity of ontology and simplicity of explanation.</p>

	<p>At least, that&#8217;s what I got from &#8220;Two Dogmas.&#8221;  I&#8217;m not very familiar with his philosophical development after that.</p>
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		<title>By: Michael</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63039</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63039</guid>
		<description>Jeremy, I think the best way to describe a brand&#8212;an Althusserian way, ultimately, though one that every brand marketer I know of practices, or aspires to&#8212;is exactly as an &lt;em&gt;imaginary friend&lt;/em&gt;.  (Consumers are interpellated by the brand, cf. Althusser in &quot;Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses.&quot;)  In practice (as anyone who&#039;s ever stuided a brand book will recognize), a brand is like nothing so much as a personality; brand assets (like logos, color palettes and such) are maintained in the service of that personality, which is far more &quot;intrinsic&quot; to the brand than any of its insignia might be.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Jeremy, I think the best way to describe a brand&mdash;an Althusserian way, ultimately, though one that every brand marketer I know of practices, or aspires to&mdash;is exactly as an <em>imaginary friend</em>.  (Consumers are interpellated by the brand, cf. Althusser in &#8220;Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses.&#8221;)  In practice (as anyone who&#8217;s ever stuided a brand book will recognize), a brand is like nothing so much as a personality; brand assets (like logos, color palettes and such) are maintained in the service of that personality, which is far more &#8220;intrinsic&#8221; to the brand than any of its insignia might be.</p>
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		<title>By: agm</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63040</link>
		<dc:creator>agm</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63040</guid>
		<description>Ah, Senor Labonne wishes to dispute with Senor Rutherford...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Ah, Senor Labonne wishes to dispute with Senor Rutherford&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Blar</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63041</link>
		<dc:creator>Blar</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63041</guid>
		<description>One way to deal with the problem of imaginary things is to not call them &quot;imaginary things&quot; but instead to use &quot;imagine&quot; as a verb.  For instance, some experiments in cognitive psychology suggest that people can form a mental image of a 3-D geometric figure and rotate that mental image at a constant angular velocity.  In order to be ontologically precise, instead of forming theories about how people rotate their mental images, which imply that mental images are things that are in some way undergoing rotational motion, scientists can say that people imagine rotations.  Similarly, we could say that a child imagines a companion, not that she has an imaginary companion.  This reduces our ontological commitments.

Psychologists who create our current scientific theories are more concerned about the effects of a phenomenon like &quot;imaginary friends&quot; than with the precise ontological status of the phenomenon, so their theories might not be the best guide to what things exist.  The definition of &quot;best scientific theory&quot; can probably take this into account, possibly by demanding that different branches of science combine to form a coherent theory.  For instance, considerations of the physics of imaginary friends could help refine psychologists&#039; views of their ontology.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>One way to deal with the problem of imaginary things is to not call them &#8220;imaginary things&#8221; but instead to use &#8220;imagine&#8221; as a verb.  For instance, some experiments in cognitive psychology suggest that people can form a mental image of a 3-D geometric figure and rotate that mental image at a constant angular velocity.  In order to be ontologically precise, instead of forming theories about how people rotate their mental images, which imply that mental images are things that are in some way undergoing rotational motion, scientists can say that people imagine rotations.  Similarly, we could say that a child imagines a companion, not that she has an imaginary companion.  This reduces our ontological commitments.</p>

	<p>Psychologists who create our current scientific theories are more concerned about the effects of a phenomenon like &#8220;imaginary friends&#8221; than with the precise ontological status of the phenomenon, so their theories might not be the best guide to what things exist.  The definition of &#8220;best scientific theory&#8221; can probably take this into account, possibly by demanding that different branches of science combine to form a coherent theory.  For instance, considerations of the physics of imaginary friends could help refine psychologists&#8217; views of their ontology.</p>
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		<title>By: Brock Sides</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63042</link>
		<dc:creator>Brock Sides</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63042</guid>
		<description>As a card-carrying neo-Quinean, allow me to suggest that the answer is to be found through Kendall Walton&#039;s theory of fiction in &lt;i&gt;Mimesis as Make-Believe&lt;/i&gt;. (Walton need not be right in all details, just right in the general outline.)

Roughly, we should paraphrase &quot;Brock as a child had an imaginary friend, a pegasus named Peter&quot; as something like &quot;It is to be imagined that Brock as a child had a pegasus named Peter as a friend.&quot;

The odd thing about the sentential operator &quot;It is to be imagined that&quot; is that it is only partially opaque, to use Quine&#039;s terminology. We might call it &quot;translucent.&quot;

That is to say, I can quantify into some of the places, but not others. There was a boy for whom it is to be imagined that he had a pegasus named Peter for a friend. But there has never been a pegasus named Peter of whom it is to be imagined that Brock had him for a friend.

Unless there&#039;s something deeply objectionable about translucent sentential operators (and I admit they are rather odd), this seems to be the sort of solution a Quinean should accept.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>As a card-carrying neo-Quinean, allow me to suggest that the answer is to be found through Kendall Walton&#8217;s theory of fiction in <i>Mimesis as Make-Believe</i>. (Walton need not be right in all details, just right in the general outline.)</p>

	<p>Roughly, we should paraphrase &#8220;Brock as a child had an imaginary friend, a pegasus named Peter&#8221; as something like &#8220;It is to be imagined that Brock as a child had a pegasus named Peter as a friend.&#8221;</p>

	<p>The odd thing about the sentential operator &#8220;It is to be imagined that&#8221; is that it is only partially opaque, to use Quine&#8217;s terminology. We might call it &#8220;translucent.&#8221;</p>

	<p>That is to say, I can quantify into some of the places, but not others. There was a boy for whom it is to be imagined that he had a pegasus named Peter for a friend. But there has never been a pegasus named Peter of whom it is to be imagined that Brock had him for a friend.</p>

	<p>Unless there&#8217;s something deeply objectionable about translucent sentential operators (and I admit they are rather odd), this seems to be the sort of solution a Quinean should accept.</p>
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		<title>By: Cleve Blakemore</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63043</link>
		<dc:creator>Cleve Blakemore</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63043</guid>
		<description>None of you guys have actual, real day jobs, do you? 

You must definitely be academic parasites on some kind of tenure or grant system.

What do you call a bus of a hundred liberals going over a cliff with two seats empty? A crying shame.

How can you tell a dead dog from a dead liberal? Skid marks in front of the dog. Reverse marks after the liberal.

What do you say to a liberal who draws down a paycheck in the private sector? Fries and a coke, please.

When liberals die, why do they end up in limbo? Because even hell has standards.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>None of you guys have actual, real day jobs, do you?</p>

	<p>You must definitely be academic parasites on some kind of tenure or grant system.</p>

	<p>What do you call a bus of a hundred liberals going over a cliff with two seats empty? A crying shame.</p>

	<p>How can you tell a dead dog from a dead liberal? Skid marks in front of the dog. Reverse marks after the liberal.</p>

	<p>What do you say to a liberal who draws down a paycheck in the private sector? Fries and a coke, please.</p>

	<p>When liberals die, why do they end up in limbo? Because even hell has standards.</p>
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		<title>By: beowulf888</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63044</link>
		<dc:creator>beowulf888</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63044</guid>
		<description>Cleve:
My goodness! Why would you ever consider Quineans liberals? And why would you ever think that you&#039;re intellectually capable of holding a job more challenging than pushing a broom?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Cleve:<br />
My goodness! Why would you ever consider Quineans liberals? And why would you ever think that you&#8217;re intellectually capable of holding a job more challenging than pushing a broom?</p>
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		<title>By: Cleve Blakemore</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/comment-page-1/#comment-63045</link>
		<dc:creator>Cleve Blakemore</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Nov 1999 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/wp/2005/03/01/my-most-imaginary-friend/#comment-63045</guid>
		<description>Ha! You&#039;re a funny guy.

I was independently wealthy by the time I was 34 from software development. No college education, in fact no formal education of any kind. 

You keep studying obscure navel gazing metaphysics, dude, I just know that is going to pay off for you one of these days. There&#039;s a huge demand for that stuff amongst other navel gazers, alas, who tend to be dead broke professors and other assorted uni losers and parasites. Remember, it&#039;s all about figuring out how to never actually graduate. That way you&#039;ll never have to become a man, abandon your hebephrenic and neurotic fixation on rubbish or stop collecting Pez dispensers and go to get a job.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Ha! You&#8217;re a funny guy.</p>

	<p>I was independently wealthy by the time I was 34 from software development. No college education, in fact no formal education of any kind.</p>

	<p>You keep studying obscure navel gazing metaphysics, dude, I just know that is going to pay off for you one of these days. There&#8217;s a huge demand for that stuff amongst other navel gazers, alas, who tend to be dead broke professors and other assorted uni losers and parasites. Remember, it&#8217;s all about figuring out how to never actually graduate. That way you&#8217;ll never have to become a man, abandon your hebephrenic and neurotic fixation on rubbish or stop collecting Pez dispensers and go to get a job.</p>
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