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	<title>Comments on: No Shirt, No Shoes, No Service</title>
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	<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/</link>
	<description>Out of the crooked timber of humanity, no straight thing was ever made</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 04:23:18 -0800</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: Bill Benzon</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231708</link>
		<dc:creator>Bill Benzon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Mar 2008 00:36:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231708</guid>
		<description>I&#039;ve been thinking about the distinction that Bauerlein seems to be making between research in the humanities and research in the sciences. He seems to think that most humanities research is optional and, in addition, intellectually worthless. Not only that, but it&#039;s not read by anyone. By contrast, he implies the research in the sciences is routinely more valuable - though he doesn&#039;t say anything about who reads it (at least, not that I remember) - I&#039;m thinking of the second passage Michael quote, the one with an aside about summer work.

On that score, the last time I looked at research on how often the typical scholarly article was read, the number was something like 3 to 5 times, and it applied to the sciences as well as the humanities. (Alas, I cannot provide a citation. I will note, however, that this was over two decades ago. I have no idea whether or not things have changed since then.) That&#039;s not exactly an indication of overwhelming intellectual significance for typical science research. 

As far as I can tell, most university research is a crap-shoot, regardless of discipline.  The problem, however, is that there&#039;s no a priori way to determine the value of a given research project.  So we&#039;ve got to fund/tolerate a lot of crap in order to get the good stuff. Sciences and humanities alike.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>I&#8217;ve been thinking about the distinction that Bauerlein seems to be making between research in the humanities and research in the sciences. He seems to think that most humanities research is optional and, in addition, intellectually worthless. Not only that, but it&#8217;s not read by anyone. By contrast, he implies the research in the sciences is routinely more valuable &#8211; though he doesn&#8217;t say anything about who reads it (at least, not that I remember) &#8211; I&#8217;m thinking of the second passage Michael quote, the one with an aside about summer work.</p>

	<p>On that score, the last time I looked at research on how often the typical scholarly article was read, the number was something like 3 to 5 times, and it applied to the sciences as well as the humanities. (Alas, I cannot provide a citation. I will note, however, that this was over two decades ago. I have no idea whether or not things have changed since then.) That&#8217;s not exactly an indication of overwhelming intellectual significance for typical science research.</p>

	<p>As far as I can tell, most university research is a crap-shoot, regardless of discipline.  The problem, however, is that there&#8217;s no a priori way to determine the value of a given research project.  So we&#8217;ve got to fund/tolerate a lot of crap in order to get the good stuff. Sciences and humanities alike.</p>
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		<title>By: Timothy Burke</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231563</link>
		<dc:creator>Timothy Burke</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 11:06:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231563</guid>
		<description>Just to separate out the general point, though: none of the liberal arts schools on that list have a sizeable number of graduate students, and at none of them do graduate students do any of the teaching, except under highly unusual circumstances. Wesleyan, for example, has a tiny graduate program in ethnomusicology and a smattering of the sciences. As far as the undergraduates are concerned, these graduate students scarcely exist, and they don&#039;t particularly draw a lot of the time or energies of the faculty.

My teaching load is 2/3, though I typically also teach several independent studies or directed readings in a year on top of that. 

Basically, you&#039;re hiding from the main point people were raising: a liberal arts college is devoted to teaching. Not to graduate students, and though research is expected, teaching drives the enterprise. If any have graduate programs, their graduate programs are tiny and do not change this basic profile.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Just to separate out the general point, though: none of the liberal arts schools on that list have a sizeable number of graduate students, and at none of them do graduate students do any of the teaching, except under highly unusual circumstances. Wesleyan, for example, has a tiny graduate program in ethnomusicology and a smattering of the sciences. As far as the undergraduates are concerned, these graduate students scarcely exist, and they don&#8217;t particularly draw a lot of the time or energies of the faculty.</p>

	<p>My teaching load is 2/3, though I typically also teach several independent studies or directed readings in a year on top of that.</p>

	<p>Basically, you&#8217;re hiding from the main point people were raising: a liberal arts college is devoted to teaching. Not to graduate students, and though research is expected, teaching drives the enterprise. If any have graduate programs, their graduate programs are tiny and do not change this basic profile.</p>
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		<title>By: Timothy Burke</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231560</link>
		<dc:creator>Timothy Burke</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 10:59:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231560</guid>
		<description>124: 

Keith, Swarthmore does not offer graduate degrees. If you got that from US News, they&#039;re wrong. In any event, wherever you got it, you&#039;re wrong on this point. I don&#039;t think Williams does either, but I&#039;m only absolutely certain about Swarthmore. We confer nothing besides the BA and the BS (for Engineering students). No graduate degrees.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>124:</p>

	<p>Keith, Swarthmore does not offer graduate degrees. If you got that from <span class="caps">US </span>News, they&#8217;re wrong. In any event, wherever you got it, you&#8217;re wrong on this point. I don&#8217;t think Williams does either, but I&#8217;m only absolutely certain about Swarthmore. We confer nothing besides the BA and the <span class="caps">BS </span>(for Engineering students). No graduate degrees.</p>
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		<title>By: Dan S.</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231514</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan S.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2008 00:01:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231514</guid>
		<description>Yeah, I dunno what happened there - it looked ok in preview.  Apparently my comment revolted against the inclusion of wildly unreliable sources?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Yeah, I dunno what happened there &#8211; it looked ok in preview.  Apparently my comment revolted against the inclusion of wildly unreliable sources?</p>
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		<title>By: JP Stormcrow</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231493</link>
		<dc:creator>JP Stormcrow</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 21:47:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231493</guid>
		<description>Best tag lossage ever</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Best tag lossage ever</p>
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		<title>By: Boo!</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231490</link>
		<dc:creator>Boo!</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 21:26:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231490</guid>
		<description>Since it seems that Mr. Ellis has, by loud-mouthed association, single-handedly trashed the reputation of Ptolemy, can I sue him if my book fails to sell next year? 

To make matters worse, I&#039;m also from Albuquerque, so I feel like my home-town and my research have been implicated in idiocy, all in one fell swoop!

Oimoi talas!

-- Boo! 
(who went to a liberal arts college so she would never be taught by graduate students. That was the frickin&#039; point!)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Since it seems that Mr. Ellis has, by loud-mouthed association, single-handedly trashed the reputation of Ptolemy, can I sue him if my book fails to sell next year?</p>

	<p>To make matters worse, I&#8217;m also from Albuquerque, so I feel like my home-town and my research have been implicated in idiocy, all in one fell swoop!</p>

	<p>Oimoi talas!<br />
&#8212;Boo!<br />
(who went to a liberal arts college so she would never be taught by graduate students. That was the frickin&#8217; point!)</p>
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		<title>By: Dan S.</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231478</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan S.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 19:40:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231478</guid>
		<description>&quot;&lt;i&gt;11. Vassar College(NY)—Offers Graduate Degrees&lt;/i&gt;&quot;

Hmm.  It&#039;s possible that they&#039;ve beefed up their grad-programs offerings since I was a student there in the mid-late 90s, but at that time &quot;Offers Graduate Degrees&quot; meant that very occasionally someone got a - I think it was chemistry - master&#039;s degree.  Afaik most students weren&#039;t aware that there was any sort of graduate program, and had not encountered any graduate students at all, much less ones teaching courses, since those were taught by actual faculty (one partial exception - there was an African Art seminar taught by someone who, iirc, was just about to get his Ph.D. from NYU.  Rather good class.)

-Uses the wonder of the intertubes to confirm -  well, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.petersons.com/GradChannel/code/programVC.asp?sn=Vassar-College&amp;mu=Graduate-Programs&amp;inunid=44911&amp;sponsor=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; undated peterson&#039;s page points out that 
&quot;&lt;i&gt;[Graduate] Programs Offered:    
Offers chemistry (MA, MS).&lt;/i&gt;&quot;

Meanwhile, &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassar_College&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt; claims that &quot;&lt;i&gt;All classes are taught by members of the faculty, and there are almost no graduate students and no teachers&#039; assistants. &lt;/i&gt;&quot;

I don&#039;t know if the other high-ranking liberal arts colleges tend to share this general model or not.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>&#8220;<i>11. Vassar College(NY)&#8212;Offers Graduate Degrees</i>&#8221;</p>

	<p>Hmm.  It&#8217;s possible that they&#8217;ve beefed up their grad-programs offerings since I was a student there in the mid-late 90s, but at that time &#8220;Offers Graduate Degrees&#8221; meant that very occasionally someone got a &#8211; I think it was chemistry &#8211; master&#8217;s degree.  Afaik most students weren&#8217;t aware that there was any sort of graduate program, and had not encountered any graduate students at all, much less ones teaching courses, since those were taught by actual faculty (one partial exception &#8211; there was an African Art seminar taught by someone who, iirc, was just about to get his Ph.D. from <span class="caps">NYU</span>.  Rather good class.)</p>

	<p><del>Uses the wonder of the intertubes to confirm &#8211;  well, <a href="http://www.petersons.com/GradChannel/code/programVC.asp?sn=Vassar</del>College&#038;mu=Graduate-Programs&#038;inunid=44911&#038;sponsor=1&#8221; rel=&#8221;nofollow&#8221;>this</a> undated peterson&#8217;s page points out that<br />
&#8220;<i>[Graduate] Programs Offered:<br />
Offers chemistry (MA, MS).</i>&#8221;</del></p>

	<p>Meanwhile, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vassar_College" rel="nofollow">Wikipedia</a> claims that &#8220;<i>All classes are taught by members of the faculty, and there are almost no graduate students and no teachers&#8217; assistants. </i>&#8221;</p>

	<p>I don&#8217;t know if the other high-ranking liberal arts colleges tend to share this general model or not.</p>
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		<title>By: Dave Maier</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231464</link>
		<dc:creator>Dave Maier</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 18:21:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231464</guid>
		<description>I wonder how much what we have here is just a version of Conjugation: &lt;b&gt;I&lt;/b&gt; produce solid, even sparkling, nay revolutionary scholarship which goes unappreciated due to the sad state of the contemporary humanities; &lt;b&gt;you&lt;/b&gt; seem to have gotten sidetracked in what has turned out to be merely yesterday&#039;s trendy theoretical bandwagon; &lt;b&gt;he&lt;/b&gt; simply churns out pointless crap like a hamster on the wheel.

Actually, I have Bauerlein&#039;s book on pragmatism, which does look interesting.  Maybe I&#039;ll get to read it someday, when I&#039;m not trying to churn out pointless crap.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>I wonder how much what we have here is just a version of Conjugation: <b>I</b> produce solid, even sparkling, nay revolutionary scholarship which goes unappreciated due to the sad state of the contemporary humanities; <b>you</b> seem to have gotten sidetracked in what has turned out to be merely yesterday&#8217;s trendy theoretical bandwagon; <b>he</b> simply churns out pointless crap like a hamster on the wheel.</p>

	<p>Actually, I have Bauerlein&#8217;s book on pragmatism, which does look interesting.  Maybe I&#8217;ll get to read it someday, when I&#8217;m not trying to churn out pointless crap.</p>
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		<title>By: Josh in Philly</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231460</link>
		<dc:creator>Josh in Philly</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 16:57:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231460</guid>
		<description>Gotta say, when I first read the Bauerlein excerpts, I wondered when Miriam Burstein was gonna show up to  burst the &quot;teaching load&quot; bubble; and fortunately, she did, back at #36.  But (with no disrespect intended toward Michael, who&#039;s spent more energy than most disputing this point when Horowitz himself makes it), I think there needs to be more flogging of Bauerlein&#039;s &quot;Maybe in some segments&quot;, which dismisses, like, the vast majority of institutions in four words.  We&#039;re not all at Emory or even R1 public schools here; and a seventy-hour work week was not unusual at the &quot;teaching institution&quot; where I went to college.  Moreover, much of the &quot;service&quot; work at most schools --and all of it at many-- goes not to perpetuating the bureaucratic structure that values research but to  perpetuating its educational mission.

P.S.  The &quot;love&quot; and &quot;amateurism&quot; argument that Dan Simon sees in Bauerlein has recently been addressed to good effect by Marc Bousquet.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>Gotta say, when I first read the Bauerlein excerpts, I wondered when Miriam Burstein was gonna show up to  burst the &#8220;teaching load&#8221; bubble; and fortunately, she did, back at #36.  But (with no disrespect intended toward Michael, who&#8217;s spent more energy than most disputing this point when Horowitz himself makes it), I think there needs to be more flogging of Bauerlein&#8217;s &#8220;Maybe in some segments&#8221;, which dismisses, like, the vast majority of institutions in four words.  We&#8217;re not all at Emory or even R1 public schools here; and a seventy-hour work week was not unusual at the &#8220;teaching institution&#8221; where I went to college.  Moreover, much of the &#8220;service&#8221; work at most schools&#8212;and all of it at many&#8212;goes not to perpetuating the bureaucratic structure that values research but to  perpetuating its educational mission.</p>

	<p>P.S.  The &#8220;love&#8221; and &#8220;amateurism&#8221; argument that Dan Simon sees in Bauerlein has recently been addressed to good effect by Marc Bousquet.</p>
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		<title>By: jj</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231438</link>
		<dc:creator>jj</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 03:16:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231438</guid>
		<description>And this weak and idle theme,
No more yielding but a dream,
Gentles, do not reprehend;
If you pardon, we will mend.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>And this weak and idle theme,<br />
No more yielding but a dream,<br />
Gentles, do not reprehend;<br />
If you pardon, we will mend.</p>
 ]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Badger</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231431</link>
		<dc:creator>Badger</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 00:53:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231431</guid>
		<description>cute</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>cute</p>
 ]]></content:encoded>
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	<item>
		<title>By: jj</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231428</link>
		<dc:creator>jj</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 08 Mar 2008 23:50:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231428</guid>
		<description>oops</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>oops</p>
 ]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: jj</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231427</link>
		<dc:creator>jj</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 08 Mar 2008 23:49:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231427</guid>
		<description>If we shadows have offended,
Think but this--and all is mended--
That you have but slumbered here
While these visions did appear.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>If we shadows have offended,<br />
Think but this&#8212;and all is mended&#8212;That you have but slumbered here<br />
While these visions did appear.</p>
 ]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Badger</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231425</link>
		<dc:creator>Badger</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 08 Mar 2008 22:59:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231425</guid>
		<description>...these our actors, as I foretold you,
Were all spirits and are melted into air, into thin air, 
And like the baseless fabric of this vision...
leave not a rack behind</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>&#8230;these our actors, as I foretold you,<br />
Were all spirits and are melted into air, into thin air,<br />
And like the baseless fabric of this vision&#8230;<br />
leave not a rack behind</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Bérubé</title>
		<link>http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/comment-page-3/#comment-231417</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Bérubé</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 08 Mar 2008 20:51:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://crookedtimber.org/2008/03/06/no-shirt-no-shoes-no-service/#comment-231417</guid>
		<description>You know, for all the snark and such, I really am an extraordinarily patient person.  I just need a few hours off between vexations to recharge my patience batteries.  And so, having been vexed by the Inside Higher Ed quality of Mr. Ellis&#039;s comments in this thread (you know the IHE comment style – “I’m Very ANGRY about SOMETHING in higher education that I completely don’t understand but am willing to write about at great length on the Internets!  I defeat you with Logic! Win! ! 1 ! 1 !”), I’ve taken a deep breath and returned to explain something about why scientists and humanists at major research universities might have different attitudes toward teaching.

At Illinois, where I taught for twelve years, researchers in the sciences usually had teaching loads of 1/1; in the life sciences, it could go as low as one course per year.  Scientists were explicitly &lt;i&gt;researchers&lt;/i&gt;, and everything depended on their ability to secure grants (private or federal)– their working conditions, their graduate assistants, their chances for tenure and promotion.  From the moment they set foot on campus– or, perhaps, from the moment they embark on doctoral work– they are encouraged to see themselves as grant-writing and grant-winning machines, because that’s the only way they’re going to get their research done.  So yes, they tend to resent anything that distracts them from that process– and it can be, for some scientists, a year-round process– such as teaching the basics of biochemistry to a bunch of 20-year-olds.

Humanists, by contrast, have no such funding structure and no such expectations.  Sure, if we’re lucky enough to teach someplace that awards released time, every once in a while we get a semester off to do research in France and come alive in archives.  But we don’t have to spend our days chasing multimillion-dollar grants to keep our labs running and our graduate students employed, and consequently, we don’t see undergraduate teaching as a distraction.  Quite the contrary, many of us think it’s the best thing about the job.

Now, it’s true that at a tiny handful of elite research universities (did I stress the “tiny handful” part?), even professors in the humanities can devote themselves primary or exclusively to graduate education.  That’s why, in the literature on American academe, people who are familiar only with Harvard or Yale complain about the amount of undergraduate instruction done by graduate students.  But having worked now at two large public research universities outside that charmed circle (three, including my four years as a graduate student at Virginia), I can assure all interested parties that nearly all humanists at places like Penn State and Illinois teach undergraduates and do so with enthusiasm.  How &lt;i&gt;much&lt;/i&gt; enthusiasm, I imagine, depends partly on the undergraduates themselves.

Last but not least:  I shouldn&#039;t have said that graduate students &lt;i&gt;don&#039;t exist&lt;/i&gt; at liberal arts colleges and comprehensives.  I meant that they generally aren&#039;t &lt;i&gt;employed as teachers&lt;/i&gt; in such institutions, since we were talking about teaching done by graduate students.  My mistake!  But I want extra extra bonus points for anticipating Mr. Ellis&#039;s final paragraph @ 124 with my own final paragraph @ 120.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[	<p>You know, for all the snark and such, I really am an extraordinarily patient person.  I just need a few hours off between vexations to recharge my patience batteries.  And so, having been vexed by the Inside Higher Ed quality of Mr. Ellis&#8217;s comments in this thread (you know the <span class="caps">IHE</span> comment style &#8211; &#8220;I&#8217;m Very <span class="caps">ANGRY</span> about <span class="caps">SOMETHING</span> in higher education that I completely don&#8217;t understand but am willing to write about at great length on the Internets!  I defeat you with Logic! Win! ! 1 ! 1 !&#8221;), I&#8217;ve taken a deep breath and returned to explain something about why scientists and humanists at major research universities might have different attitudes toward teaching.</p>

	<p>At Illinois, where I taught for twelve years, researchers in the sciences usually had teaching loads of 1/1; in the life sciences, it could go as low as one course per year.  Scientists were explicitly <i>researchers</i>, and everything depended on their ability to secure grants (private or federal)&#8211; their working conditions, their graduate assistants, their chances for tenure and promotion.  From the moment they set foot on campus&#8211; or, perhaps, from the moment they embark on doctoral work&#8211; they are encouraged to see themselves as grant-writing and grant-winning machines, because that&#8217;s the only way they&#8217;re going to get their research done.  So yes, they tend to resent anything that distracts them from that process&#8211; and it can be, for some scientists, a year-round process&#8211; such as teaching the basics of biochemistry to a bunch of 20-year-olds.</p>

	<p>Humanists, by contrast, have no such funding structure and no such expectations.  Sure, if we&#8217;re lucky enough to teach someplace that awards released time, every once in a while we get a semester off to do research in France and come alive in archives.  But we don&#8217;t have to spend our days chasing multimillion-dollar grants to keep our labs running and our graduate students employed, and consequently, we don&#8217;t see undergraduate teaching as a distraction.  Quite the contrary, many of us think it&#8217;s the best thing about the job.</p>

	<p>Now, it&#8217;s true that at a tiny handful of elite research universities (did I stress the &#8220;tiny handful&#8221; part?), even professors in the humanities can devote themselves primary or exclusively to graduate education.  That&#8217;s why, in the literature on American academe, people who are familiar only with Harvard or Yale complain about the amount of undergraduate instruction done by graduate students.  But having worked now at two large public research universities outside that charmed circle (three, including my four years as a graduate student at Virginia), I can assure all interested parties that nearly all humanists at places like Penn State and Illinois teach undergraduates and do so with enthusiasm.  How <i>much</i> enthusiasm, I imagine, depends partly on the undergraduates themselves.</p>

	<p>Last but not least:  I shouldn&#8217;t have said that graduate students <i>don&#8217;t exist</i> at liberal arts colleges and comprehensives.  I meant that they generally aren&#8217;t <i>employed as teachers</i> in such institutions, since we were talking about teaching done by graduate students.  My mistake!  But I want extra extra bonus points for anticipating Mr. Ellis&#8217;s final paragraph @ 124 with my own final paragraph @ 120.</p>
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