One my betes noires has been in the news lately. Jonathan Haidt has been annoying me since at least 2012, when I was critical of his bothsidesism on the culture wars.
At the time, he was a concern troll, posing as a liberal worried about other liberals who were, he claimed, misunderstanding Republicans. Whereas liberals thought of Republicans as bigots and misogynists, concerned with preserving their own position in racial and gender hierarchies, Haidt explained that they actually had their own set of values, based on order, purity, honour and loyalty. The wheels started falling off that one when Donald Trump, the antithesis of all of these things, came along and received the unqualified support of the supposed believers in purity.
Haidt responded by reinventing himself a free speech advocate, concerned about cancel culture and the coddling of young minds. He hung out on the “Intellectual Dark Web” with Bari Weiss and Stephen Pinker. Now that Weiss is busy suppressing reporting of Trump’s crimes, the IDW appears to have shut up shop.
?Haidt’s next reinvention was an almost complete backflip. Despite having no relevant research background (as discussed his previous focus was on adult voters, followed by a shift to scolding college students) he suddenly became an authority on the effects of smartphone use on teenagers. His concerns about freedom of speech suddenly went out the window, replaced by a fear that the speech teens encountered on their phones was making them depressed as miserable.
Haidt’s work writings on this topic inspired the Australian government to pass legislation aimed at banning access to social media platforms for people under 16. It’s been mostly ineffective, but for the minority of kids who have left social media, a notable impact has been reduced access to news.
Possibly because recognition of this failure is spreading, Haidt has gone back to the “coddling” theme in a commencement address at NYU, for which he was roundly booed. Haidt appears not to have noticed that, far from protecting students from views that might upset them, NYU is busy suppressing speech by students that offends the administrators and of course the Trump Administration.
The kind of concerned punditry of which Haidt is an exponent never goes out of style, even if the topics of concern change from time to time. Given his ability to leap from one topic to the next with a fine disregard for consistency, I expect he will be around to annoy me for a long time to come.
{ 101 comments }
Tm 05.21.26 at 9:22 am
These people deserve all the contempt in the world. I like how the students are showing their disapproval. No doubt Haidt and his pathetic friends will feel vindicated in theri complaint about “cancel culture”, because surely students expressing an opinion is the biggest threat to freedom of speech, while a fascist government destroying academic freedom is just “what the woke made us do”.
You have to watch this:
https://bsky.app/profile/404media.co/post/3mm2ivguvq22x
SusanC 05.21.26 at 12:15 pm
You have to wonder if the kids are getting their news from 4chan instead…
[ I am an old person. Doubtless, the kids these days have moved on from 4chan to something I don’t even know the name of. ]
Michael Huben 05.21.26 at 3:02 pm
Haidt’s Moral Foundations Theory is analogous to multiple intelligences theory. Same use of folk taxonomy, addition of popularly demanded dimensions such as liberty, unclear divisions, resistance to testability, etc.
His student Ravi Iyer is no better, as I detail in “The pseudoscience of libertarian morality.” (http://critiquesoflibertarianism.blogspot.com/2010/12/pseudoscience-of-libertarian-morality.html)
somebody who remembers the sign saying "stereotype denial" 05.21.26 at 4:45 pm
the entirety of the free speech superman brigade which was sniffing and smirking about “woke leftist censorship” between 2010 and 2015 (“a person with a weird avatar posted on social media something making fun of me and more people laughed than defended me”) has simply pretended not to see the Ku Klux Karens of Moms 4 Liberty ripping books out of the library. they have equally failed to notice 30-odd states passing prohibitions on Twelfth Night from being performed where a 16 year old might see it because a lady dresses up as a man in it and that’s GENDER PORNOGRAPHY TRANS GROOMING GENDER TRANS GROOMING PORNOGRAPHY GENDER. they just have nothing whatsoever to say about it. can’t put one little “hm” of acknowledgement about it that maybe the woke leftist censorship (“a student talked to me after class and asked how I liked Epstein’s island”) didn’t do shit and the actual threat, as always, in America, is from white supremacy.
SusanC 05.21.26 at 5:25 pm
Ok, there is something very funny about Haidt saying people shouldn’t be fragile when their ideas are challenged; and then getting booed by an audience who think his theories are nonsense.
Maybe the etiquette for commencement addresses is to be a little more restrained that you would be in a graduate seminar. But, in general, you wanna be an academic you gotta be prepared to get booed sometimes.
oldster 05.21.26 at 7:37 pm
It’s not clear to me whether the conservative embrace of Trump reveals that they were never wedded to “order, purity, honour and loyalty” to begin with, or whether it reveals the bankruptcy of those values when fixated on persons and not guided by the higher values of truth, justice, and equality.
The “order” that they care about is the hierarchy that keeps white men on top. That doesn’t mean it is not an order, it just means that it is an unjust order.
The “purity” that they care about is the avoidance of contamination by women or black people or gay people or trans people. Again, it is a kind of purity: a bigoted misogynistic purity.
“Honour”? “Loyalty”? Those values certainly motivate MAGA — you must honor Trump, and you must be loyal to Trump. They have no loyalty to the founding creed of America, of course, but plenty of obsessions with loyalty.
So, I don’t know. Part of me wants to agree with you that Haidt was wrong ever to attribute those values to American conservatives. But another part of me thinks that he was right to attribute those values to American conservatives, and that those values were always corrupt and vicious, even before Trump revealed the depth of their corruption, even when Haidt was espousing them.
Alex SL 05.21.26 at 9:45 pm
I am not even in the USA, but I remember thinking at the time when he came out with his additional axes of morality for conservatives that that was (a) obvious nonsense and (b) weirdly and again obviously parochial. The entire idea hinged on grouping people into liberals and conservatives and then deriving some fundamental human axes of morality, but humans a thousand or six thousand years ago would not have conceptualised themselves into the boxes liberal and conservative, and nor do many humans in cultures other than the USA today.
And purity, honour, and order are simply not about morality. (I will grant loyalty, but it would be very silly to claim that liberals don’t care about that.) I could just as well claim that I have a deeper and more complete sense of morality than conservatives because, in contrast to them, I have an additional axis of morality in cycling to work.
That people take somebody like Haidt (or Jordan Peterson, or Nick Bostrom, etc.) seriously or pretend to do so is one of those things that makes me feel very alienated from most of humanity.
J-D 05.21.26 at 9:47 pm
Looking at his Wikipedia page, I see that he holds a Professorship in Ethical Leadership.
At a School of Business.
Well, there’s more than one way that could go.
Kevin Carson 05.21.26 at 10:19 pm
Haidt is typical of an entire class, including the other Jonathans (Chait and Rauch) and the rest of the Atlantic bedbugs and Harper’s Letter signatories who’ve made wringing their hands over “incivility” and “cancel culture” their entire grift. If you can’t tell, I utterly despise them.
Timothy Sommers 05.21.26 at 10:31 pm
This guy. Let me tell you, as an ethics professor I can onl thank god his days of (totally made up out of BS and a few totally unscientific surveys) MFT are behind us (I hope). He’s a classic academic type. There ought to be a name for it. He presents himself to social scientists as a philosopher and a social scientist. They figure, well, his attempts at social science are unimpressive, but he must be a great philosopher. Then he presents himself as a social scientist and a philosopher to philosophers, and they say well his attempts at philosophy are shit, he must be a great social scientist. Can we call it the Hadit manuver?
This is guy is like Jordan Peterson for people who can read.
J-D 05.22.26 at 1:12 am
Bigots and misogynists also have their own set of values, and those values are based on particular concepts of order, purity, honour and loyalty. That might even be true by definition. So if somebody said that Republicans are not bigots and misogynists because they have their own set of values based on concepts of order, purity, honour and loyalty, my response would be that the reverse is true, that they are bigots and misogynists because they have their own set of values based on concepts of order, purity, honour and loyalty.
MisterMr 05.22.26 at 9:56 am
I think I’m in agreement with oldster 6 and J-D 11.
The main problem with Haidt “durkheimian” approach is, IMHO, that he mixes big time the normative and the descriptive levels.
Various societies in time developed various moral standards, but all those moral standards all rely on some underlying psychological base that evolved (presumably in various stages) in prehistory.
But this moral base was something that worked when our ancestors were paret of tribal groups that roamed the savannah in groups from 30 to 150 people, not something that can work in the world of today.
For example, it makes sense to think that some form of tribalism (hate the outgroup) is baked into human nature, and that modern stuff like racism tap into this nature, but in the modern world in which many people live in cities of millions of inhabitants this kind of instincts have to be repressed, even if they are natural.
“Utilitarianism” and other similarly abstract moral doctrines that Haidt blames on liberals clearly were born as an answer to this kind of problem, so the fact that they are somehow innatural is the whole point, they are there to smoot the excessive edges of our natural “moralistic” impulses.
Currently I’m reading a lot of evo-pst and evo-dev, and many of these books are theories about the origins of morality; sometimes intra-tribal conflict is supposed to be necessary for “group selection” of altruistic traits, and sometimes suppression of deviant/free riders is also supposed to be necessary.
One very interesting book I’m reading just now is “Moral Origins” by Christopher Boehm, an antropologist/primatologist, and the theory is that at some point our ancestors, thanks to the acquisition of language, started to shun, exile and in the extreme execute those people who were too unpleasant (mostly excessively alphaish males), and this lead to a “self-domestication” of homo sapiens (a weeding out of certain genetic tendencies, so that now we are less pricks than the verage chimp).
Regardless of the specifics of this theory, a big emphasis is placed on “moralistic aggression”, the idea that small hunter gatherer (and generally all traditionalistic) communities enforce their moral standards through strong aggressive moralism (linked to Durkheim’s idea of organic communities).
Now Haidt says that liberals aren’t durkheimian enough, but the behaviour of SJW or cancel culture are a clear example of “moralistic aggression” (as are “bigoted” behaviours from the right), so maybe the problem isn’t that the left is not Durkheimian enough.
oldster 05.22.26 at 12:19 pm
J-D and I are in agreement, but J-D said it better.
Let me also add:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meine_Ehre_heißt_Treue
J, not that one 05.22.26 at 1:46 pm
You know how in Gravity’s Rainbow, a Pavlovian response is extinguished BEYOND THE ZERO? I think we’ve attained trolling, or bullshit if you prefer, beyond the zero. It’s uncanny and paradoxical, and no longer obeys laws of logic or causality.
Rory 05.22.26 at 5:48 pm
Kudos for “Haidt’s
workwritings on this topic”.John Q 05.22.26 at 8:05 pm
Oldster and J-D: The point isn’t that Republicans don’t have a value system. The value system is exactly that attributed to them by Democrats and one which, at the time, they denied. They would have said, for example, that their loyalty was to the United States as a whole, not to their own in-group, and that concerns about purity applied with equal or greater force to bad behaviour on their own side, as to that of their opponents. Haidt took Republcians at their word, and told Democrats that they had misunderstood.
J, not that one 05.22.26 at 9:41 pm
What Haidt meant was always unclear. By his own account, he had a road to Damascus moment where he realized he and people like him had been unfair to conservatives. He had a tautology and he believed that was its meaning. Everything since then looks like the same move over and over again. It’s in different contexts but it’s always “the liberals are wrong and I’m in a position to explain to them why conservatives are right.” If that’s all he has to do, clarifying his meaning and checking it against evidence and logical are both moot.
If there are still Republicans who are upset that they read a book that told them conservatives value morality and other “old values” (beauty? Equal respect for other humans?), I hope they get their house in order and remove their support from the GOP.
J-D 05.22.26 at 10:52 pm
If somebody told me that Republicans say that they put their loyalty to the American people above narrower partisan loyalties and that they are as strict or stricter in their treatment of bad behaviour by their own side when compared to their treatment of bad behaviour by others, my response would be ‘They’re lying’.
Chetan R Murthy 05.23.26 at 1:10 am
Haidt pretends that these bigots have their sense of morality, that’s largely based on disgust, and that we need to respect their sense of morality. But he entirely omits that WE also have our sense of morality, that it is based on disgust and horror at the iniquities of these right-wing assholes, and yet somehow, our sense of morality is not given equal weight to that of the RWNJs.
Indeed, he pretends that he is a liberal just -explaining- the right-wing. But in his unwillingness to offer equal status to our morality and our disgust, he shows he is just another right-wing gaslighter.
engels 05.23.26 at 11:40 am
I don’t like Haidt’s centre-right politics or his business school presentation but he started discussions on three important topics: the psychology of American political polarisation, free speech and smartphone addiction and on each of those his efforts are a vast improvement on the established liberal lines (roughly “evil people doing evil things cuz they’re evil” for the first one and “nothing to see here” for the second two).
engels 05.23.26 at 12:02 pm
Haidt explained that they actually had their own set of values, based on order, purity, honour and loyalty. The wheels started falling off that one when Donald Trump, the antithesis of all of these things, came along and received the unqualified support
No idea what Haidt thinks but to the extent that Trumpism has nationalist/fascoid elements (especially re immigration and suppressing dissent) it seems obvious it incorporates these themes.
John Q 05.23.26 at 6:27 pm
Engels @20 ” I don’t like centre-right politics …. but ”
You seem to need disclaimers like this a lot.
EB 05.23.26 at 7:14 pm
I find lots to argue about with Haidt, and he certainly handles some of the issues he raises up quite clumsily. But there is a core of sense to the positions he takes, even though he takes them too far. He describes some of what’s going on with my more conservative relatives and friends quite aptly; his take on social media for kids is right on; and plenty of more careful researchers have started to examine these issues.
engels 05.23.26 at 10:23 pm
You seem to need disclaimers like this a lot.
I do! I think it’s partly in the nature of free speech advocacy (“I disagree BUT I’ll defend etc”) and partly a result of the polarised environment Haidt is bemoaning, where any acknowledgement of the other side risks being seen as giving aid and comfort to the enemy.
Chetan R Murthy 05.23.26 at 10:38 pm
Engels @ 20: “each of those his efforts are a vast improvement on the established liberal lines (roughly “evil people doing evil things cuz they’re evil” for the first one”
Surely you are aware that everyone imagines themselves as the hero of their story, no? I mean, nobody imagines themselves as a moustache-twirling villain, the Dark Lord, torturer of bunny rabbits and kicker of small dogs, in their legend, right? So everybody is going to have an explanation for why their own actions, their own judgments, are entirely cromulent, and it isn’t doesn’t take a PhD in rocket surgery (sic) to figure that out. Nor a doorstop book from Jonathan Haidt.
Haidt’s sin was imagining that these Reichwing nutters’ internal story-line was entirely justified, and -our- (as liberals/progressives/etc) internal story-line was not due any consideration at all.
He’s not some Nostradamus: just a modern-day Charles Murray.
Sander van Schilt 05.24.26 at 8:41 am
I read the this blog because of its academic credentials but this looks like listing reasons to don’t like Pet Haidt. That is fine with me. But to credit him with the social media ban is probably giving him too much honours. We don’t need Haidt to spell out the negative effects of social media for children and (young) teenagers. At least here in Europe we don’t. They were well known before he started summarising them. On top of that social media is probably not the best medium to get your news from. Shouldn’t that knowledge be part of digital literacy? Accessing the Guardian is very easy using your iPhone. They even have an app.
ETB 05.24.26 at 10:02 am
Setting aside the obvious convenience of having the political and media class obsess over “young people being on their phones too much” instead of, say, ongoing economic, environmental, and social collapse — all of which would require changes unpopular with the wealthy and powerful — I can’t help noticing that social media seems to have been vastly more psychologically destructive for the wealthy and powerful themselves. Most people, after all, have at least some prior experience of being told they’re a tit. Our Noble Elites, apparently, did not.
Curiously, though, I’ve yet to see serious proposals to restrict or monitor social media use among politicians, media elites, or billionaires, despite the fact that they wield far more power and influence. Odd, that.
ETB 05.24.26 at 10:03 am
The thing about being a “principled interlocutor who wants to acknowledge the other side” is that it only means anything if you apply it consistently. If you bend over backwards to be charitable to socially and culturally right-wing views (but not those of, for example, liberals) then what you have is not a principled commitment to open discourse – it is just politics.
Of course, why someone might passionately support class equality (which would materially benefit them) while being markedly less enthusiastic about other forms of equality (which might not benefit them, and may even threaten their social position) remains a complete mystery…
J-D 05.24.26 at 10:17 am
I’m sure it’s true that some of what he has to say has some merit and that there is a possibility of being led to a worthwhile insight by considering what he has to say, because this is true of everybody; but since it’s true of everybody, it’s not by itself enough to justify supposing that it’s worth paying attention to him rather than to somebody else.
ETB 05.24.26 at 11:19 am
I haven’t read enough of Jonathan Haidt to have a settled opinion on his work specifically. However, I do think it’s striking how many of the “free-speech warriors” who seemed convinced that the central threat to freedom of expression was right-wing speakers not being granted effectively unlimited access to campuses and platforms (from which to address broadly sympathetic and deferential audiences) are now conspicuously quiet about actual state- or movement-backed efforts by conservatives to eradicate entire fields of inquiry, suppress topics, pressure universities, attack climate and vaccine science, or dox and intimidate students and academics.
(See also The War on Science, whose argument that “wokeness” — whatever that is supposed to mean these days — is the primary threat to science feels oddly misplaced at a moment when the political right is openly attacking universities, public-health institutions, climate science, and research autonomy itself.)
At some point it starts to look less like a principled defence of free inquiry and more like a culturally selective understanding of whose threats to inquiry actually count.
engels 05.24.26 at 11:55 am
The commencement speech NYU grads Haidted: seems like BS to me but not outrageous or unusual by the standards of these things:
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/2026/05/nyu-jonathan-haidt-commencement-speech/687168/
J, not that one 05.24.26 at 2:56 pm
You could also say he shut down the discussion of polarization and free speech by making about him and whether people agreed he was a genius or whether they “were mean to him.”
novakant 05.24.26 at 4:43 pm
he started discussions on three important topics
Really, he started them?
I think John Qs characterisation of opportunistic bandwagon jumping, both siderism and normalisation is more accurate. Also, as much as I am trying to keep my kid away from social media for now, I really don’t need Jonathan Haidt for that, especially since he is just bloviating:
An analysis done in 72 countries shows no consistent or measurable associations between well-being and the roll-out of social media globally. Moreover, findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, the largest long-term study of adolescent brain development in the United States, has found no evidence of drastic changes associated with digital-technology use.
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-00902-2
novakant 05.24.26 at 4:49 pm
But hey, with 100-200k per speech, who can blame him?
https://www.allamericanspeakers.com/speakers/384378/Jonathan-Haidt
Austin George Loomis 05.24.26 at 8:23 pm
Chet skrev:
So dropped the mic, and the countryside did shake with that feedback.
John Q 05.25.26 at 6:12 am
Sander @26 I’m regularly made aware by USians that Australia is a country so unimportant as to be beneath notice, and I’m not surprised to see the same from Europe. But in this case, contrary to your impression, European governments have been very much influenced by Australia’s ill-conceived ban, which in turn relied heavily on Haidt.
Engels: deploring “our partisan environment” is the defining position of centrists or people posing as centrists to support the right (since these strictures are almost always directed leftward). But your pseudonym appears as. a relic of a former position where partisanship (class struggle) was taken for granted. And, although I’ve shared that position, I am certainly of the view that reaching out across the aisle to Trump and his supporters is both immoral and stupid. They are (contra early Haidt) racists and misogynists who aim to instal a fascist dictatorship. The only reason for talking to them is not to find common ground but to persuade them (if it is possible) to change sides.
engels 05.25.26 at 1:34 pm
deploring “our partisan environment” is the defining position of centrists or people posing as centrists to support the right (since these strictures are almost always directed leftward). But your pseudonym appears as. a relic of a former position where partisanship (class struggle) was taken for granted
I want partisanship based on class, not lifestyle stuff or billionaire-funded parties. Democrats are generally better than Republicans but they’re still diabollically awful and on many issues (esp. but not only foreign policy) almost exactly the same. Republican voters aren’t all equivalent to Trump/“fascists”/deplorable people and some are open to persuasion. Any socialist will be speaking to those in preference to Democrat-supporting boogies making performatively radical gestures on teh internet.
engels 05.25.26 at 2:27 pm
Of course, why someone might passionately support class equality (which would materially benefit them) while being markedly less enthusiastic about other forms of equality (which might not benefit them, and may even threaten their social position) remains a complete mystery…
Given that I have (a) more than one officially Marginalised Identity and (b) above average personal wealth this is mildly amusing.
engels 05.25.26 at 4:05 pm
Can any of the Haidt-ers point me to books that address the same question as the Righteous Mind (preferably but not necessarily by lefties)? Adorno’s was great for its time but nearly a century old now. Altemeyer’s interesting but by the author’s stipulation focusses on extremism on the right, not polarisation per se. Or alternatively arguments for why psychological approaches are misguided.
bekabot 05.25.26 at 4:54 pm
“Surely you are aware that everyone imagines themselves as the hero of their story, no? I mean, nobody imagines themselves as a moustache-twirling villain, the Dark Lord, torturer of bunny rabbits and kicker of small dogs, in their legend, right?”
This is a quibble and maybe it’s not entirely germane, but I’m going to try to drop it in anyway. Right-wingers imagine themselves as the villains all the time, going right back to the Nazis and before. The Nazis imagined themselves as a biological plague and the scourge of an unevolved humanity. If homo superior came out of their ranks, and if homo superior was fated to extinguish humanity, then surely (in humanity’s eyes) homo superior would be the villain, right? The one sure thing is that he wouldn’t be a conventional hero.
Same with their descendants today. MTG dresses up like Cruella DeVil and Elon Musk mimics the gestures of Dr. Evil. Kristi Noem, while she was still around, never picked a specific character to imitate but instead got herself up as a generic AI villainess (but the intention was still clear). RFKJ likes to play around with dead animals and doesn’t care who knows it. Donald Trump sets up golden replicas of himself like Nicolae Carpathia in Left Behind, both online and off, and he’s probably sad that he can’t figure out a way to get them to belch black smoke and insult the passersby. He posts social-media renditions of himself as a parallel Christ hovered over by creatures who could be angelic, demonic, mechanical, or all three. OK, it is AI, but the lack of clarity is part of the point. Having angels who code clearly as angels hanging around with you is for soyboys like Jesus. Andrew Tate plays the ogre, not the rescuer, and advises other men to do the same thing.
These people may be central in their legends of themselves but they don’t imagine themselves as the heroes. They don’t imagine themselves as protectors or defenders or liberators — instead they imagine themselves as the scourges of an unworthy humanity which doesn’t deserve to be rescued. They don’t work out as heroes in Campbellite terms either, because they won’t do their 12 stages. They scorn tests, betray allies, and think ordeals are for outsiders. They imagine themselves, not as heroes, but as villains, and they play the part with glee.
RobinM 05.25.26 at 8:20 pm
I’ve never read anything by Haidt and I imagine I never will. But I do have a couple of questions concerning the discussion here.
First, I am aware—because it happened to a friend of mine many years ago—that he raised some questions concerning the way his English dept. was dealing with certain pedagogical issues and that some of his colleagues then accused him of being racist and sexist. He wasn’t, but the attacks on him became so virulent that he left that institution. He also, as a result, did migrate from his far left positions all the way to the far right. I raise that because it seems to me there’s a bit of a tendency here to attack or at least be dismissive of those who don’t sufficiently hate Haidt. Consider the political damage that might do.
Second, and I imagine related to the first, it seems to me there’s a tendency here to press the notion that there are only two sides, one good, the other bad. What about those of us who detest Trump and all that he and his followers stand for, but find that every attempt to broaden and deepen the discussion of our political predicaments by exploring the interactions which got us to this point–which means that there’s a lot of criticism to go around–are, again, dismissed as providing support to an awful enemy?
No gods and precious few heroes.
No devils and precious few demons.
ETB 05.25.26 at 9:39 pm
Given current levels of wealth inequality, someone would have to be considerably above average wealth before class equality stopped materially benefiting them. But yes, historically, partial integration into existing hierarchies has often been rewarded precisely through differentiation from other excluded groups — particularly where one is comfortable in being complicit with oppression. Still, mildly amusing though anecdotes may be, structural tendencies remain structural tendencies.
Pretendous 05.25.26 at 9:59 pm
[…] some of his colleagues then accused him of being racist and sexist. He wasn’t, but the attacks on him became so virulent that he left that institution.
How about you let us decide that by providing us with more pertinent details of the case? What were these “certain pedagogical issues”? How was the department dealing with them? What were your friend’s questions?
find that every attempt to broaden and deepen the discussion of our political predicaments by exploring the interactions which got us to this point–which means that there’s a lot of criticism to go around–are, again, dismissed as providing support to an awful enemy
Every attempt? Every! attempt! Maybe you should broaden and deepen your search for better interlocutors.
Yes, it does feel bad to get a negative reaction from others when voicing your ideas. Perhaps the bad feeling is a signal that you have attracted unjust disapprobation. Or maybe the bad feeling is telling you that you violated an important social norm; therefore, inviting a legitimate negative reaction from present parties. The truth depends on the details. And the signaling utility of that bad feeling hinges on your ability to weigh those details against competing explanations.
RobinM, your diction in post#41 betrays an excess of pathos relative to the evidence provided to support such pathos. So, if you are trying to project the umbrage you seem to feel from proffered scenarios “First” and “Second” onto the readership of this blog, then you will need to produce more detailed receipts.
ETB 05.25.26 at 10:07 pm
There is, of course, a difference between building a broad counter-hegemonic coalition and demanding that the most vulnerable workers bear the costs of “authentic” class politics. A movement that reproduces hierarchy within the working class is not overcoming fragmentation but institutionalising it — which, one suspects, is less a failure than a preference.
somebody who remembers the anti-woke only having control over forty out of fifty states but all three branches of the federal government 05.25.26 at 10:31 pm
RobinM at 41 tells a sad tale of a friend malignly treated by oversensitive colleagues, and cries out for understanding, but i must ask, did these malign English dept. employees pass a law in the state legislature to prohibit the friend’s point of view from being taught? spoken? contained in a public library? discussed on social media? spoken over the public airwaves? surely the English dept. bozos could have been kinder – every bozo could, naturally, especially me…
but i wonder, i wonder yet…
the friend who so facilely and easily became “alt-right”, now living a happy life, I assume, considering the present overwhelming power and wealth of their faction, completely dominating all aspects of life for every citizen, and most nations of the earth via the crushing military power and infinite treasure at their command… I wonder at what it takes to completely change a person’s moral, political, spiritual and intellectual compass. usually this is a trauma like war or some kind of religious revelation, god themself reaching down to transform us utterly. not, frankly, a bad job experience. lots of people work in shitty job environments every day, lots of people are picked on by their boss every day, and it doesn’t change their inner commitments. so it is that I wonder yet….
I wonder yet if perhaps the English dept. dastards saw something RobinM didn’t, or heard something RobinM didn’t, or spotted something in RobinM’s friend that RobinM hadn’t – after all, RobinM would despise his friend’s point of view if they had held it earlier. But they hold it now…
…so isn’t the more obvious solution to this conundrum not that the filthy English dept. bastards somehow did this to RobinM’s friend, changing every part of their mind and spirit permanently and irrevocably without even a gun or a god, but instead that they spotted the truth about RobinM’s friend, who did not appreciate, at the time, being told the truth. i wonder if the friend felt that RobinM would think less of them if they knew the truth! RobinM assures us they would have despised them… what if they valued RobinM’s friendship too much to reveal that part of themselves to RobinM, and hid it as long as they could, until, completely exposed (or eager to join the side they were increasingly delighted to see march victorious and powerful across a cowering, fearful, helpless globe), there was no other choice. it is the friendship that makes the tragedy here, not the English dept. jerkos.
Anyway, dont worry, everyone in the English dept. will be fired next year when the legislature moves the money out of the humanities into building the latest Conservative Center For Free Enterprise And Transphobia on campus and staffs it with youth pastors and cryptocurrency podcasters.
engels 05.26.26 at 12:33 am
Responding to my own bleg… John Jost?
https://amodiolab.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Jost-Amodio-2012.pdf
J-D 05.26.26 at 1:18 am
There is no inconsistency between imagining yourself as the villain of somebody else’s story but at the same time imagining yourself as the hero of the story; all that’s required is to imagine that the people in whose story you play the part of villain are themselves the bad guys. That’s how Liam Neeson’s character in Taken is thinking when he says:
‘I am a nightmare for people like you’, he says, but he also believes that nightmares are what the people he’s talking about have earned, and from what I can tell (I haven’t actually seen the whole thing) the film is made for people who agree.
Nazis, and Klansmen, and MAGA, imagine themselves as scourging the unworthy in order to be protectors, defenders and liberators. They don’t imagine themselves as protectors, defenders and liberators of people like you and me because people like us are the ones they imagine to be unworthy.
J-D 05.26.26 at 3:53 am
Sometimes when people are accused of being racist and sexist, they are not in fact being racist and sexist.
But sometimes when people are accused of being racist and sexist, they are in fact being racist and sexist.
Anyway, what was your question?
Is that a question?
Sometimes saying that people are being racist and sexist will antagonise them. But sometimes not saying that people are being racist and sexist will antagonise other people. In some situations, no matter what choice you make will antagonise somebody. That’s politics, and that’s life. ‘Never do anything that might antagonise people’ is not a sensible or practical rule for politics or for life.
Is that a question–I mean, not just a rhetorical question, but actually the question for which you want a response? ‘What about us?’ is a difficult kind of question to answer; it’s usually not a question at all but a disguised complaint or protest.
I don’t find here any tendency to press the notion that there are only two sides, one good, the other bad. Where are you finding that? Is it possible that you are misinterpreting the situation?
Isn’t it possible that there could be a situation where an attempt to broaden and deepen a discussion does have the effect of providing support to an awful enemy? It seems to me that it’s possible.
ETB 05.26.26 at 6:38 am
While I think concern about excessive moral condemnation is valid in principle, and I agree that political and intellectual communities can become socially punitive in ways that are counterproductive, at the same time I wonder if there’s a bit of an asymmetry here. Haidt-style arguments for “robust discourse” generally defend the right of people to say things others may find offensive, abrasive, or even harmful. But critics of those positions are often asked to respond in especially restrained, charitable, and sensitive ways.
So I suppose my question is: if we genuinely support a more open and adversarial discourse culture, shouldn’t that include tolerating sharp moral criticism as well – even from pseudonymous commenters on a left-leaning blog?
novakant 05.26.26 at 9:04 am
Can any of the Haidt-ers point me to books that address the same question as the Righteous Mind
I don’t hate Haidt, I just find his ‘argument’ dangerous as it discards hard-won achievements of the past 100 years and legitimises the right wing backlash against them. This is not very constructive and won’t help us build a society built on mutual respect. It’s also intellectually vacuous. As an alternative might I suggest:
Axel Honneth – Struggle for Recognition: The Moral Grammar of Social Conflicts
John Q 05.26.26 at 9:21 am
Engels, I suggest The Reactionary Mind by Corey Robin, late of this blog.
Tm 05.26.26 at 9:34 am
RobinM: “the attacks on him became so virulent that he left that institution”
How often have we heard this story? Curiously, we hear this story exclusively about
1) figures in academia or journalism whose revelaed (not necessarily claimed) political preferences are right wing,
2) who have been publicly criticized but
3) who at no point in time have been either fired or threatened with firing from their positions for ideological reasons, and
4) who, since complaining about being criticized, belong to the highest paid and most influential people in academia resp. journalism.
Meanwhile, hundreds of people in the US, including professors and many journalists, were actually fired for posting critical remarks about a fascist antisemite and the “usual suspects” including those prominent letter writers don’t care the slightest bit about that huge violation of freedom of speech, probably the most massive in the US since McCarthyism.
Some but by no means all of those fired have been reinstated or received (comparably small) settlements but every single one of these cases involved organized harassment and threats by powerful political or media figures and the fascist mobs whipped up by them. Each of them is orders of magnitude more serious than the alleged “virulent attacks” against somebody like Haidt, and the dishonesty of your claims RobinM is simply disgusting.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reprisals_against_commentators_on_the_Charlie_Kirk_assassination
Tm 05.26.26 at 9:42 am
engels: “Can any of the Haidt-ers point me to books that address the same question as the Righteous Mind” [The Righteous Mind: Why Good People are Divided by Politics and Religion ]
I thought the answer to the question what “divides” people should be rather obvious for a self-identified Marxist?
MisterMr 05.26.26 at 2:00 pm
@engels 39 and 46
Other than Atlemeyer there is also Lakoff’s “The political mind”, thoug I think you already know it.
Both Atlemeyer and the Jost-Amodio paper you linked basically say that conservatives are more tribalist and have more confirmation bias, eg:
In sum, these results suggest that a more liberal ideology is associated with stronger motivation to seek out new information and integrate potentially conflicting pieces of information in order to arrive at a relatively complex understanding of reality. (from the Jost-Amodio paper)
and Lakoff idea is also that righties have a more umbalanced “tough father” mindset, while lefties are more balanced between “tough father” and “nurturing mother”.
However it seems to me that lefties today also have a very strong tendency towards moralistic aggression (that is, the public aggression or shaming of people who are supposed to have trespassed some moral code), particularly online.
Now, it is true that (as many commenters already said) the right and particularly Trump is weaponizing this sort of moralistic aggression big time, and one of my problems with Haidt is that he too, for some reason, doesn’t recognize this behaviour from the left, thus presenting the left as a group of pure intellectuals without feelings, which is stupid.
However I think that to understand politics, and in particular recent politics, one has to see an increase of moralistic aggression from the left too, and these theories basically ignore this (though to be honest I have no way to calculate the amount of moralistic aggression so my skin level evaluation might be wrong).
bekabot 05.26.26 at 4:15 pm
With respect, I don’t agree. This is above and beyond the usual thing. Historically, the set of people I think of as the Slavers made one American movie asserting that they were actually the heroes and that their opponents (abolitionists) were the villains. That movie was Birth of a Nation. In it, the Slavers are presented as conventional heroes; they are protectors/defenders/liberators — of endangered white womanhood and oppressed white (Western) civilization. Later the Slavers took pride of place in another movie — GWTW — which was made about them if not specifically by them of for them. There they were put forward as recognizable human beings with recognizable motivations and the strong implicit claim was that whatever they were, they were not monsters. (Whereas in Birth of a Nation the implicit claim was that even if the Klansmen were monsters, they were sacred, holy monsters who were fighting on God’s side.) In the first flick the Slavers are heroic and right, and in the second, though they may not be either one, they’re human and consequently it’s okay to sympathize with them. In neither case are they villains. In fact in both instances the case is specifically made that they are not villains. In America, cartoons and the movies together have compiled a very comprehensive précis of what a villain looks like, acts like, and does, and that’s the profile Trump and the people have been diving into when it comes to crafting their image(s), individually and collectively. (I feel like I’ve given enough examples of this but if you want more I can come up with them.)
Unfortunately there’s no cinematic example of the clear ascension of the villain (as opposed to the misunderstood hero or the other guys’ hero or the protagonist who is substituted for a hero) to top billing or central cultural focus today. The Boys comes the closest, but even in The Boys the bad guys are shown to be bad and they lose in the end. Birth of a Nation is a self-exculpation and GWTW is an apology, but as of yet there’s no movie-version of a nonapology, so I can’t provide one. But if Trump and his associates are successful in the long run that may change.
RobinM 05.26.26 at 7:25 pm
I must admit, Tm, that your closing accusation disgusts me. It makes it very obvious to me that the enemies of my enemies are not always my friends—which has something to do with the point I was actually trying to make. So far as I’m concerned, this is the end of the matter. Goodbye.
Alex SL 05.26.26 at 10:24 pm
Similar to what bekabot wrote at 40:
I had assumed for a long time that everybody needs to see themselves as the good guys to preserve their ego, but no, there is a second option: convince yourself that everybody is evil, and that therefore all that matters is to win. That is what fascists, including the nazi subcategory of fascists, and objectivists plus adjacent kinds of libertarians do to justify their sociopathy to themselves:
Fascists see everything as a zero-sum struggle for dominance, and to them, anybody who claims otherwise (e.g., socialists who say they want equality) must merely be pretending as some kind of underhanded, cheating tactic. So, everybody is sociopathically out for power, but the fascists are the only honest and honorable people because at least they openly admit it.
Nazis see history and politics as a struggle between races, and to them, anybody who claims otherwise (e.g., socialists who say they want equality) must merely be a traitor who wants the other, inferior races to win because they hate themselves. So, everybody wants some race to win a race war, but the Nazis are the only honest and honorable people because at least they openly admit it (and aren’t race traitors).
Objectivists see the world as a struggle between individuals, and to them, anybody who claims otherwise (e.g., socialists who say they want equality) must merely be pretending because they realise they can’t win and thus opt to drag the heroic creators down to their own level of inferiority through underhanded means like a welfare state. So, everybody at least secretly accepts that life is a struggle between individuals where the greatest entrepreneur should win, but the objectivists are the only honest and honorable people because at least they openly accept that.
Another, albeit very idiosyncratic, example is Robert E. Howard, they guy who wrote the original Conan the Barbarian stories. He was a massive racist, but he was also very disgusted by civilisation in the sense of complex societies with laws, which he unfavourably contrasted with the noble, natural state of barbarism; thus Conan being the hero. So, everybody at least secretly accepts that life is a struggle between individuals where the strongest should win, but some people know they wouldn’t win fairly so they invent laws to drag the strong down to their own level of inferiority.
Point is, evil people don’t convince themselves they are good people; they psychologically project their own evil onto everybody else, then convince themselves that everybody else is in denial about being equally evil, and then pat themselves on the back for being evil but honest.
Regarding academics accused of abuse, driven from their institutions, and then joining the far right: I can recommend the video on The War on Science by the Youtuber Shaun. It is very long but easy to listen to while doing chores, for example. Not to spoil too much, but it is unbelievable how many of the chapter authors of that book who claim unfair oppression by the woke mob did in fact variously assault women, had inappropriate relationships with their students, racially or gender discriminated against their students, or do not consider indigenous people to be, well, people with rights and feelings. A strong predictor of a the-woke-are-after-me story is being a massive reputational liability to one’s employer and colleagues.
Tm 05.27.26 at 10:32 am
MisterMr: “to understand politics, and in particular recent politics, one has to see an increase of moralistic aggression from the left” [Against who – people like Haidt, as suggested by RobinM?]
What is the attraction of this narrative that we have been getting served up for years despite it being completely fact-free and in light of recent events can only be recognized as cynicism? Totally beats me. I understand why right-wingers (56) are riding this dead horse but liberals? What kind of virtue signaling is this supposed to be?
engels 05.27.26 at 10:53 am
A strong predictor of a the-woke-are-after-me story is being a massive reputational liability to one’s employer and colleagues.
Well it’s fortunate that intellectual progress is never brought about by people who are a reputational liability to quasi-corporate unis funded by donations of from the mega-rich and fee income from the wannabe rich.
Thanks for the recommendations and I agree with MrMr #54.
J, not that one 05.27.26 at 8:23 pm
I was rereading an essay by Richard Rorty and realized he used a similar phrasing to Haidt (like “liberals aren’t interested in purity”). I always thought Rorty’s idea of what the broad group everyone-but-fascists do (and who that group is) was a little peculiar, but in an abstract way it doesn’t not make sense given the other things he claims “everyone-but-fascists” have in common. (Like, he claims something like that only right-of-center people believe in concepts, and everyone else not only believes words are more or less arbitrary but that they don’t have stable referents over time or between different people, and that “all everyone-but-fascists people” shouldn’t.) But Rorty was always someone no one was certain was being serious, even in his own circles, from what I can gather. So there should be a big grain of salt there and I don’t think he cites anyone other than “common knowledge” on that point.
J, not that one 05.27.26 at 8:27 pm
I was thinking of reading Honneth, but along the lines of some other comments on this post, at some point I realized that at least half the people reading a book like “the struggle for recognition” are going to come away from it believing they know who the struggle is against and it’s “liberal cosmopolitan elites,” and more than half are going to come away from it believing they read a book about a kind of original sin and just learned about a new way people try to defend selfishness, and yes there will be people who believe both 100%.
J-D 05.28.26 at 12:26 am
Tm wrote:
RobinM wrote:
Which is more disgusting, making dishonest claims, or accusing somebody of making dishonest claims?
J-D 05.28.26 at 1:25 am
The use of the word ‘monsters’ reminds me of Sesame Street. Originally, and still in most contexts, it’s clearly understood that ‘monster’ is a negative description. For whatever reason, the people who made Sesame Street decided to do the equivalent of ‘reclaiming’ the word. As well as describing themselves as ‘monsters’, some of the monster characters in Sesame Street clearly incorporate into their design features traditionally considered monstrous. But the monster characters are not ‘monstrous’ in the original sense: they are just other members of the community. Horns on the head? Fangs in the mouth? Glaring yellow eyes? Yes, but so what? They’re not using these features to affirm anything negative, even though that’s their traditional use; they’re using them (how consciously I don’t know) to undermine the idea that traditional symbology is a reliable guide to what’s good and what’s bad. But something similar can be done by other actors with worse motives than Sesame Street …
I question whether it’s novel for people to adopt as part of their symbology what have traditionally been insignia of villainy, but novel or not, it’s fully compatible with considering oneself heroic.
Yes, Nazis believe that there is a race war which every race wants to win for itself, but also yes, Nazis believe that the races opposing them are inferior which means (necessarily) that they consider their own race superior. To struggle and fight for the victory of the superior is heroic.
Yes, Randian Objectivists do indeed believe that the greatest entrepreneurs should win and yes, they do indeed believe that they are resisting efforts to drag heroic creators down to the level of their inferiors. Consider that language. The greatest! Their inferiors! Heroic! ‘Heroic’ is indeed the word: absolutely they consider themselves the heroes of the story.
J-D 05.28.26 at 1:49 am
Sometimes people do bad things, the kind of things that people should be ashamed of doing, and sometimes when people do bad things it is an appropriate response to criticise what they have done.
There are some situations where if you criticise what some people have done you will antagonise them but if you do not do so you will antagonise other people. ‘Never do anything that might antagonise people’ is not a sensible rule to try to live by.
novakant 05.28.26 at 8:36 am
Rorty was a nominalist, historicist and a fierce critic of language, i.e. ‘ironist’ – that’s hardly revolutionary in the history of philosophy and I am still somewhat surprised by how much push-back he received from the academic establishment.
Tm 05.28.26 at 10:17 am
J-D 64: “‘Never do anything that might antagonise people’ is not a sensible rule to try to live by.”
I would add: it’s not a rule that has ever applied to any political movement or party, and certainly it has never applied to the “left” however defined. The claim that the left has become more aggressive in recent years (“an increase of moralistic aggression from the left”) strikes me as simply baffling. If anything, the opposite is true, compared to the 70s or 80s, the left has become soft, defensive and conspicuously unaggressive. So unaggressive that nowadays booing a speaker is the worst kind of leftist “violence” that the corporate media can come up with to denounce. Perhaps it is precisely that lack of aggressiveness that is one of our biggest problems nowadays.
Meanwhile, to come back to the other theme, Gleichschaltungskommissar Bari Weiss is purging CBS of another competent journalist who had the temerity to cover the Trump regime professionally, and as always we won’t hear peep from any of the same people that falsely claimed Weiss, who voluntarily left her newspaper job in order to become obscenely rich as a fascist enabler, was a “cancel culture” victim, like Haidt and Stock and all the other rich and famous victims of “leftist moralistic aggression”.
MisterMr 05.28.26 at 11:16 am
@J-D 64
‘Never do anything that might antagonise people’ is not a sensible rule to try to live by.
I never said this, and as a matter of fact I think that “moralistic agression” is a necessity: eg., for anti-racism, if some people are not racist, but do nothing against the racist, racism will go on forever; anti-racism (the shaming or shunning of racist people) is a form of moralistic aggression necessary to stop racism.
But, moralistic aggression also works because there is a large group that reinforces itself through enforcing this moralistic aggression on outsiders (that might in some cases be excessive, in other correct).
What I find weird in Haidt is that he doesn’t claim that SJW or similar are going too much into moralistic aggression, he in facts totally ignores this and assumes that lefties are super-rational Benthamites, wich is weird.
ETB 05.28.26 at 1:01 pm
How fortunate we are to have someone explain that while the mild discomfort of prominent members confronted with criticism should be treated as a profound polarising threat to civilisation, the wellbeing of people subordinated within hierarchies is a perfectly acceptable price to pay for “intellectual progress”. Personally, I do wonder whether such progress is in fact so valuable as to justify the routine preservation of existing social hierarchies and their attendant abuses — though perhaps that simply reflects my failure to attain the proletarian consciousness of someone with above average personal wealth and an Oxbridge education.
I appreciate the acknowledgment that what is being described as “moralistic aggression” can function as a form of counter-hegemonic norm enforcement: raising the social cost of behaviours and assumptions that would otherwise be reproduced through institutional and cultural default. Of course, that framing already assumes the left has an interest in contesting existing hegemony — apparently a perspective not universally shared.
For the latter, perhaps someone (not me, of course, but someone more securely situated within the hegemonic bloc, and therefore less encumbered by the vulgar particularities of social vulnerability) might investigate whether this rise in moralistic aggression from the left (if indeed significant) correlates with (a) mass internet access making abuses and resulting outrage more visible, (b) persistent institutional impunity enjoyed by socially and professionally powerful actors, and (c) the erosion of collective mechanisms for exercising pressure beyond mediated public shaming.
Unless, of course, it only right-wing resentment that alone merits structural explanation and sociological sympathy…
bekabot 05.28.26 at 1:01 pm
@63
In re: monsters — I was not talking about the Sesame Street variety. (Margaret Mitchell can speak for herself.)
In re: villainy — I’m sorry, but if you act the part of the villain long enough and hard enough and do a sufficiently convincing job, you have to be prepared for the possibility that the audience will buy into the act. If they take you at your word, it’s not the critic’s fault. This remains true no matter how you feel about it.
engels 05.28.26 at 2:56 pm
somebody who can't help but wonder 05.28.26 at 9:46 pm
i try not to wrap myself up too much in counterfactuals. what if obama said this, what if a democrat did that, what if it was a rich white conservative pastor and not a poor black trans youth who did this thing that x, the everything app, is upset about…very difficult to wrap one’s brain around in any kind of honest way, difficult enough going through life trying to understand this world rather than formulating an alternative world and trying to understand that one …. but in considering ETB’s #68, especially the clear-headed observation that one reason public condemnation and shaming has become more prevalent may be that there simply is nothing else that can ever be done…
what if you privately report your assault to a supervisor? the supervisor will side with the rapist 100 times out of 100. privately report it to hr? you will be fired, the rapist will be promoted. call the police? they won’t pursue the case, and if somehow they do, the jury won’t convict if the guy who did it is rich enough to pay influencers and publicists to smear you enough (i leave it to the reader to choose their favorite example here.) if somehow a conviction takes place or a civil suit goes your way the rapists (note the plural!) on the supreme court will ensure the conviction is overturned, or the rapist president will pardon them if he can. and on top of everything else, you’ll also be permanently bankrupted by a ruinous, life-destroying lawsuit from your rapist (sometimes even if you’re successful! see e. jean carroll today!)
so there are two choices. either you keep your fucking mouth shut forever or go on social media and tell your story and try to motivate other people who are fed up with being treated this way to help you. who else will help? churches will tell you to shut your mouth, you’re a filthy slut trying to destroy a good christian man. the authorities will shrug, the powerful will close ranks, not 90 percent of the time, but 100 percent of the time. so what else is someone supposed to do? shut up forever, i guess. that’s the anti-woke free-speech theory of hashtag Me Too: “they should shut their slut mouths or we’ll shut it for them.”
so i do indeed wonder – if sexual assault was investigated and prosecuted properly, if workplaces were overseen by supervisors and managers who saw the elimination of sexual assault as desirable, if civil cases against sexual abusers were handled with speed and care, would hashtag MeToo (writ broadly) ever have happened? would it even make sense for hashtag Me Too to happen in such a world? i know that i shouldn’t wonder; on some level this is approximately as historically and politically plausible as imagining a world where everyone rides to work on pink donkeys. but i do wonder nonetheless.
Alex SL 05.28.26 at 10:26 pm
J-D,
Thinking of oneself as engaged in a heroic struggle does not mean thinking of oneself as a good person. As I tried to express, the idea is that nobody is a good person, that the struggle is all there is, and strength and winning is what makes you heroic, but, conversely, if struggle is all there is to life you would be a fool for being kind, fair, and reasonable and all those other qualities that the weak of mind consider to be good. Just think of the fascist obsession with being hart wie Kruppstahl… they praise that not because toughness is what makes a good person but because it enables committing mass murder or abducting innocents into concentration camps without feeling a twinge of bad conscience. There are no good or bad people, there are only the strong and the weak, the winners and the losers, the smart and the suckers.
But, I guess, somebody shaped a bit like Haidt could argue that fascists are actually more ethical than liberals who lack the additional moral dimension of hardness.
J-D 05.29.26 at 1:00 am
Of course you weren’t! I never imagined you were!
The point I was trying to make is that the monsters of Sesame Street are an illustrative example of how people who do not think of themselves as evil can adopt and make use, for their own purposes, of symbols traditionally associated with evil.
I find unconvincing the rhetorical device of saying ‘I’m sorry’ in this kind of context.
Part of the audience for Donald Trump and MAGA (for example; or for the Nazis or the KKK) consists of opponents who were always against them and who regard them as villains not on the basis of their symbology but on the much more relevant basis of their actions (although they may also find their symbology uncongenial). But they themselves continue to think of themselves as the heroes of the story, and this is fully compatible with the deliberate use of symbols traditionally associated with villains, and another part of their audience can feel similarly. As for any part of their audience which has turned from pro to anti, I don’t think it’s because they accepted the symbols at first but then became uneasy about them; I think it’s deeds, not symbols, that have made the difference.
In the Mitchell and Webb ‘Are we the baddies?’ sketch which I am guessing many here will be familiar with, the Nazi characters begin to doubt themselves because of the SS use of death’s-head (skull) insignia. But that’s a joke, not something that really happened. When the SS adopted death’s-head insignia, they must have been aware of the traditional evil associations. Despite this symbological choice, however, they continued to think of themselves as the heroes of the story, not the villains.
If somebody tells me that it was continuing to use the villainous sign of the death’s-head that eventually transformed the SS into villains, or transformed perceptions of them so that they came to be considered villains (by themselves or by anybody else), my response is ‘No, the symbols were not the thing that made them be perceived as villainous, and also not the thing about them that was actually villainous’. When the Nuremberg Tribunal ruled that the SS was a criminal organisation, they had stronger grounds for doing so than their insignia.
Why, then, would the SS, or anybody else, knowingly adopt insignia traditionally associated with villainy? There might be more than one reason, but one might be to inspire terror in their enemies. It’s true that villains inspire terror, but it’s also true that a desire to inspire terror in one’s enemies is (alas!) fully compatible with considering oneself heroic.
MisterMr 05.29.26 at 12:55 pm
About moralistic aggression:
Suppose that I make a racist statement, some people will be mad at me for this; suppose that I make a dismissuve statement about Jesus or Muhammed, some people will be mad at me.
I agree with those in the first group, but not with those in the second group, however if we are speaking of the underlying psychological mechanisms, presumably the mechanisms are the same; so I call both “moralistic aggressions”.
I didn’t make up the term, but I can’t find the definition online, so probably I read it in a book and took it to be a standard term (I’ve been on a binge of books about evo-psy, evo-dev and psychology of morality in the last year, starting from a book by Paul Bloom that engels cited some time ago).
A book that I’m reading currently, “Moral Origins” by Christopher Boehm, is quite big about this moralistic aggression thing and used the term a pair of times (while using also other terms for the same behaviour).
Boehm was, at best that I can understand, a biggish name in anthropology (he died a few years ago), his opinion is that: (1) hunter gatherer societies are all strongly egalitarian at least about males (mileage about females varies wildly from more or less egalitarian to strong patriarchy); (2) these hunter gatherer societies remain egalitarian because the hunter gatherer actively police this by shunning, exiling and at worst killing excessively dominant guys; (3) he believes that this started in prehistory in an amoral way and this later permitted the evolution of a “coascience” (part of a broader theory callled self-domestication theory of evolution).
This book is not really about righties VS lefties (at least I’m at 80% of it and Boehm didn’t made any political statement till now), but I think it is an interesting book in general and also because of the similarities with the concept of “limitarianism” that has been discussed here on CT various times.
A second even less relevant evo-dev book recommendation is Michael Tomasello’s “Origins of Human Communication”, I recommend this because years ago here on CT there was a review of Baboon Metaphisics and OHC has a similar argument. Tomasello analizes apes (mostly chimps) behaviour through the lenses of Grice’s implicatures and cooperative priciple, and comes out with a theory of human language and human language evolution that is rather different from the Chomsky/Pinker one.
About similarity and differences between lefties and righties moralistic aggressions:
I think that there is a difference where lefties are more “principled” while righties are more “communitarian”.
For example, lefties will take a principle like “anti racism” and build their concept of community and identity starting from there, whereas righties, being traditionalists, often start from a specific community and search for this or that principle as a way to define the boundary of that specific community.
Of course I have no way to prove this in any way other than my subjective perception.
On whether leftie moralistic aggression is increasing, still based on my subjective perception, yes I think it is increasing, and yes this might be caused by social media.
Austin Loomis 05.29.26 at 9:43 pm
beka skrev:
“It’s like Nietzsche said: If you wave your pom-poms for the monsters long enough, eventually you get to play on the monster team. Or something like that.”
— Moran, Jenna Katerin (as R. Sean Borgstrom), Strange Bedfellows. In Chambers, John, ed. Aberrant: Worldwide Phase I. Clarkston, GA: White Wolf Game Studio, 2000.
John Q 05.30.26 at 7:33 am
“On whether leftie moralistic aggression is increasing, still based on my subjective perception, yes I think it is increasing, and yes this might be caused by social media.”
Alternatively, it might be caused by the fact that, whereas lefties used to give some credit to Haidt-style stories about righteous moral values, we now understant that all US rightwingers are cool with voting repeatedly for a rapist, corrupt fraudster, racist misogynist, traitor and fascist. We don’t need social media to tell us this.
engels 05.30.26 at 11:07 am
It’s hard to know what to say to people in 2026 who still think Twitter is going to smash the patriarchy.
engels 05.30.26 at 11:51 am
call the police? they won’t pursue the case, and if somehow they do, the jury won’t convict if the guy who did it is rich enough to pay influencers and publicists to smear you… so there are two choices. either you keep your fucking mouth shut forever or go on social media and tell your story
If you report it to the police you’ll get discredited on social media but if you tweet about you won’t: ok.
In UK at least sexual assault complainants get automatic legally protected anonymity.
https://www.met.police.uk/ro/report/rsa/alpha-v1/advice/rape-sexual-assault-and-other-sexual-offences/rape-sexual-assault-investigation/
J, not that one 05.30.26 at 3:09 pm
@74
I wonder why Boehm believes he knows what hunter gatherers were thinking. Structurally the behavior would be the same if one replaced “got rid of people who were trying to dominate” with “got rid of people whom no one liked”. The failure to address that suggests a desire to prove a specific way of life in the present is better than others MAGA thinks liberals want to dominate them, after all. Someone who was trying would have questioned their assumptions by now.
somebody who has to admit 05.30.26 at 4:23 pm
i was all set with a sneering riposte to engels @ #78, something along the lines of “of course you can’t beat the patriarchy on twitter, but where else should they go?” when i remembered that actually, amber heard won in england and lost in the united states. maybe, i conclude dejectedly, this isn’t the best of all possible worlds.
ETB 05.30.26 at 8:36 pm
So, to summarise: action is too close to persecution, protest is divisive identity politics, and public criticism is “performative Twitter activism” – which leaves very little that would be considered acceptable as a form of engagement…
“Complainants have legal anonymity” is an interesting rebuttal – particularly regarding a system that campaigners, watchdogs and even the CPS have spent years criticising for retraumatising rape victims through invasive data demands, endless delays, humiliating investigations, and routinely treating complainants as less credible than the accused. Still, reassuring to know all of those concerns were apparently resolved – presumably with the same institutional competence that gives the Met its outstanding reputation on misogyny and violence against women.
It’s hard to know what to say to people in 2026 who still don’t recognise structural oppression as a hegemonic institutional problem, beyond noting their role in its continued reproduction.
bekabot 05.31.26 at 3:06 am
“The point I was trying to make is that the monsters of Sesame Street are an illustrative example of how people who do not think of themselves as evil can adopt and make use, for their own purposes, of symbols traditionally associated with evil.”
If you want to try to equate the hatchet men of the current regime with Big Bird and a bunch of PBS schoolteachers, then do your best (or worst). I dare you.
In addition, I think you confuse the wish to be the center of the story with the wish to be the hero of the story. If you’ve surveyed your situation and concluded that you can’t be the hero of the story (that is, constructive) you might well decide to settle for being the villain of the story (that is, destructive) — as long as you remain at the center of the story and are not remanded to the margins.
J-D 05.31.26 at 5:28 am
<
blockquote>Thinking of oneself as engaged in a heroic struggle does not mean thinking of oneself as a good person.<?blockquote>To recap:
Chetan R Murthy wrote a comment which included this:
In a subsequent comment, bekabot responded:
I then responded:
If you’re now telling me that it’s possible for somebody to think of themselves as doing something heroic but not good, my response is that whether or not what you’re telling me is true, thinking of yourself as the hero of the story is incompatible with thinking of yourself as the villain of the story.
I hadn’t heard of that expression before; but I note that hart wie Kruppstahl is not the same as bösartig wie Kruppstahl. If I say in English that somebody is hard, it’s true that I’m not suggesting anything morally positive but I’m also not suggesting anything morally negative; it’s compatible with both.
John Q 05.31.26 at 9:01 am
Engels
“It’s hard to know what to say to people in 2026 who still think Twitter is going to smash the patriarchy.”
I guess it would be if I ever encountered such people.
Marco Rossi 05.31.26 at 4:35 pm
@J, not that one 79
Well I can’t summarize a whole book in a comment, but Boehm works from a lot of narrative ethnographies of recent hunter gatherers, included many interviews.
There is of course a lot of interpretation involved, however there is this point that all the hunter gatherer societies that Boehm thinks are reasonably similar to paleolithic ones involve some forms of common hunting and later egalitarian division of the meat, while chimps and bonoboes don’t do egalitarian division of meat (and depend much less on meat and never big game meat).
The most common anthropologic theory is that humans developed better social brains and language in large part because they where forced to become group hunters of large game, hence the connection.
Alex SL 05.31.26 at 11:29 pm
J-D,
I think we are saying very similar things. These people are either thinking, “there is no good or evil, there is only winning” or “life is about winning, so if you win, you are the hero”, which are somewhat equivalent. You stress that they don’t see themselves as villains, I stress that they don’t see their opponents as the good guys, but we seem to be agreed that they don’t see themselves as good. They reject the premise that they should be good (moral, ethical, kind, generous, etc.) and instead see that as a weakness.
Hart wie Kruppstahl is the specific phrasing used by the Nazis, but you see an obsession with toughness everywhere on the right, starting with tough on crime and tough on immigration*, across the idea that what matters in Brexit negotiation is that a sufficiently tough man tells the other side what’s what, and then they will back down**, and finding its current ridiculous apex in what Hegseth thinks the US military needs to be like***.
*) as opposed to being kind and/or applying laws fairly
**) as opposed to understanding what the other side’s interests and needs are in this negotiation and finding a mutually beneficial compromise
***) more push-ups, less expertise in supplies and logistics; more blowing stuff up, less thinking about long-term strategy
J-D 06.01.26 at 12:36 am
You dare me?
Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha!
How old am I supposed to be, seven?
I can’t resist the impulse to mention that when I was seven the rule was ‘Darers go first’. But I don’t want to become further entangled by this rhetorical ploy, which (as on a previous occasion) I find unimpressive.
Instead, I will state plainly that I am not trying to equate anything with anything else.
You appear to be confusing two different distinctions, one between hero and villain and the other between constructive and destructive. Sometimes constructing something is villainous; sometimes destroying something is heroic. Sometimes a hero finds that the way to achieve their (positive and beneficial) goal is to destroy some obstacle which stands in the way. The fact that somebody has chosen to take destructive action does not mean that they are thinking of themselves as villainous. Anybody who thinks of what they are doing as good can think of themselves as the hero of the story, and anybody can think that what they are doing is good.
J-D 06.01.26 at 12:38 am
It’s not just you. Nobody encounters people who think Twitter is going to smash the patriarchy because there are no such people. I don’t know why anybody would repeat the lie that there are.
MisterMr 06.01.26 at 5:38 am
The dude @85 Is still me, I just used the nick I use on other sites usually.
Tm 06.01.26 at 6:50 am
MisterMr 74: “About moralistic aggression: Suppose that I make a racist statement, some people will be mad at me for this; … I call both “moralistic aggressions”.”
I’m trying to understand this logic. What does the aggression consist of – the racism, or the fact of some people being mad at the racist? From the context I deduct that it must be the second. In that case “being mad at somebody” is your idea of “moralistic aggression”? That’s not what aggression means in my dictionary but what bugs me even more is the claim of an “increase” in this ominous aggression: do you really believe that at some point in the past, leftists were less inclined to be mad at those they disagreed with, they considered to be on the other side, enemies to fight? You really believe that in the 1930s or in the 1970s, leftists weren’t mad at anybody or didn’t express their being mad at those they hated and despised? You can’t be serious can you? Or is it rather that you have noticed that the reasons for being mad and the forms in which it is expressed have evolved over time?
Tm 06.01.26 at 9:27 am
How weird is it that we are debating in this thread whether the left has become “increasingly aggressive” while we otherwise spend most of our time denouncing the timidity and lack of aggressiveness of the left of center parties in the US and Europe. Which is it? I think it’s the second. We are way too unaggressive.
A great example, and germane to MisterMr’s comment, about how Hakeem Jeffries almost held off from denouncing one of Trump’s many racist posts. To be clear, saying “Fuck Donald Trump” in public is not aggressiveness. But it sure beats Jeffries’ preferred strategy of “silent defiance”.
https://www.lawyersgunsmoneyblog.com/2026/05/hotel-art
Peter T 06.01.26 at 11:19 am
Boehm is based on a wide base of research, and the physical evidence is that we have been ‘domesticating’ ourselves for a long time – in the process becoming less sexually dimorphic, more gracile, more widely social (Dunbar’s number may be a thing, but forager language groups do not number less than a thousand, which implies a constant cycle of contact across at least that number).
It may be that we were less hunters of large game (which does not seem to have provided the majority of protein and was intermittent) but the hunted of several predators (lions, leopards, hyenas …) which necessitated close cooperation to fend off – a thesis advanced by Barbara Ehrenreich.
engels 06.01.26 at 11:34 pm
there are no such people. I don’t know why anybody would repeat the lie that there are
It is impossible to see into the minds of such flagrant fabulists. They must just hate you for your freedom.
J-D 06.02.26 at 12:21 am
No, I am not saying that! On the contrary! I am confident that Nazis and Klansmen thought of what they were doing as good. The SS motto was Meine Ehre heißt Treue (‘My honour is loyalty’): do you suppose that they didn’t think honour and loyalty were good?
There is nothing more common than people disagreeing about which actions are good actions. Some think that allowing people to terminate pregnancies if they want to is good while others think exactly the opposite; some think that keeping Jewish children alive is good while others think exactly the opposite. Some think softness is good and hardness bad while others think exactly the opposite, but people who reject softness in favour of hardness aren’t rejecting goodness, they’re thinking that it is hardness, not softness, which is good. You think kindness and generosity are good, and I agree, but it’s still possible for people to reject the idea that kindness and generosity are good without thinking of themselves as rejecting goodness.
engels 06.02.26 at 12:49 am
Ok I’ll bite: which Marco Rossi are you?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Rossi
Ray Vinmad 06.02.26 at 1:13 am
Late to this conversation but I want to agree with Alex’s point
“I had assumed for a long time that everybody needs to see themselves as the good guys to preserve their ego, but no, there is a second option: convince yourself that everybody is evil, and that therefore all that matters is to win. That is what fascists, including the nazi subcategory of fascists, and objectivists plus adjacent kinds of libertarians do to justify their sociopathy to themselves:”
I did as well. And now I don’t know why it took me so long to figure it out –but because I grew up with some people on the right and they were often decent and kind and pretty normal on the interpersonal level–though some were NOT and one could see a bit of the freakiness we are enmeshed in now peek through…
It’s not universal among all these people but since there are a lot of the sociopathic or deeply hostile and cynical among them I believe these people are very influential over the other ones. The ones that are less hostile/sadistic/purely egoistic are easily influenced–there’s a lot of self-deception involved in that as well (which I think I was also doing but I was just a kid. They seemed bad in one way but not in another and I couldn’t figure it out).
I suspect the main thing I missed is that their reasoning is entirely us/them. They reject universal morality, human equality, etc. They also don’t like to ponder certain questions. Which might be why some of the people among them are probably not AS hostile to what they perceive as out groups don’t see the contradiction. They are not attending to the consistency of their beliefs. They are looking around and adopting the beliefs of their own group.
Whenever they would do this completely inconsistent reasoning or ignore very evident facts I would be so perplexed. I was pretty young. So I would think ‘they have made a mistake because they feel threatened in some way. Once they learn to be less afraid they will change their minds.’ That was completely wrong, unfortunately.
@Engles at 70–reading those Howard Beale speeches I don’t disagree so much with Howard Beale! I wonder about myself!
MisterMr 06.02.26 at 12:42 pm
@TM 90
Perhaps we are speaking past each other, so here is my explanation:
Supposa that A comes out as gay. B, who has a traditionalist upbringing, starts to mock and humiliate A with homophobic jokes; C is very pissed by B and starts do insult, mock and humiliate B.
Both B and C’s behaviours are, on my book, a form of moralistic aggression, meaning an aggression motivated by the perceived violation of cultural norms.
However in a normative sense, B is an ass because his behaviour is not going to produce any good result, whereas C is on the side of good because his behaviour will have positive outcomes.
You will notice that my judgement of what is positive and negative is based on good old utilitarianism, so from a normative point of view I’m an utilitarian.
However, contra some old utilitarians that believed that utilitarianism is “natural”, I think it isn’t (otherwise why would B be an homphobe? what’s the utilitarian logic of that); I think people have a lot of more or less instictive or interiorized cultural values, and utilitarianism is a rationalization of those values because those are A) often conflicting and B) largely parochial, whereas we live in a world where we need universalistic values.
So when we speak, not of normative good and evil, but of the psychological roots that maken so that we have value of sorts, most of these psychological “proto morals” might result in actually good (utilitariam most happyness for most people) or sometimes quite bad (a lot of unhappyness for some).
In this sense what I call “moralistic aggression” is, IMHO, a fundamental building block of our morality, however it could be turned for good (when used to block people who are doing actual damage) or for bad (when it creates random witch hunts).
The conservative version of it (hate foreigners, gay, transgender and whomever is vaguely different) clearly is in the witch-hunt cathegory; the progressive version (anti-racism, anti-rape etc.) has more moral value obviously, however it also has the potential of the witch-hunt, and in my opinion this is due to the fact that it is becoming more and more personalized and more and mo0re about personal morality, while the effect of internet is tocreate echo-chambers where this kind of dynamic is reinforced.
None of this means that Trump is not a fascist, or that he shouldn’t have been impeached etc.; however if I take a pure utilitarian POV it is difficult to explain why the Epstein files, bad as they are, are worse than, say, cutting energy to Cuba (that i suppose is causing some deaths), or the likely effect of the lack of fertilizers on poorer parts of the world due to the closure of the strait of Hormuz, or for that matter Bush 2 attacking Iran on false pretense.
@Peter T 92
About the less hunters, more defenders: Ineresting, I’d like to read something about this, googling I find Blood Rites, by Barbara Ehrenreich.
Do you know if that is the to-read book about this argument? Or if there are articles that I can read for free?
PatinIowa 06.02.26 at 6:00 pm
Throughout this thread, it seems to me there’s been a kind of tacit assumption that the Democratic Party can be characterized as part of “the left.”
It isn’t, at least not entirely. In fact, there are substantial parts of the party that are more concerned to thwart the left than the right.
I’d say that many of the things people are reading as “The Democrats should be more aggressive,” should be read as “The Democrats should adopt genuinely leftist positions.”
For example, universal public healthcare, free at the point of access.
engels 06.02.26 at 10:24 pm
Personally I would hesitate to declare that nobody in the world holds any opinion, however outlandish it may seem. Eg. before seeing this thread I would not have believed that anyone would attempt to analyse America’s descent into fascism like this:
engels 06.03.26 at 4:23 pm
It may be that we were less hunters of large game… but the hunted of several predators… which necessitated close cooperation to fend off
Interesting. Perhaps that will equip us for the coming AI dystopia.
bekabot 06.03.26 at 9:42 pm
@ 87
“It is as if the architects of the Trump regime had cribbed their entire governing agenda from cheap cyberpunk thrillers about fascist dystopias.” — Ned Resnikoff
Same with the people in front of the cameras, who are directed by the people behind them. I’m not the only one who thinks so.
I may have more to say about ‘good but not heroic’ later, but for now I will confine myself to noting that it is a category not in wide use in America, or in fact in Great Britain, or even in France, or (short version) pretty much any nation the Enlightenment was good to. If you want to implant it here you will have to sever us from what is Anglo in our roots, and that will be a job of work. Lastly, it has (of course) little or nothing to do with the MAGA aesthetic. Elon Musk would be the only point of entry there, and he’s a foreigner and acts like one. He’d be a frail reed from which to hang.
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